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media regulations - Coggle Diagram
media regulations
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theorists
livingstone and launt: consumers have wants, are individuals, gain private benefits from the media and use language of choice. citizens have needs, are social, gain both public and private benefits and use language of rights.
David gauntlett
The Prosumer: Audiences are less passive, more active
Web 2.0: A digital age in which we consume and share, collaborating on sites to produce and consume
Stanley Cohen
- something or someone is a threat too society - becomes a recognized symbol - the symbol causes a concern - theres a response from authorities - the panic = a social change within the community
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Julian Pettey
Class & Regulation: Argued censorship and regulation is a class based issue
Ruling class limit ideas and content, oppressing artistic expression
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Advertising
Macmillan cancer advert:
was seen as distressing, disturbing and graphic images
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Iceland avert:
was seen as political, breach of rules banning the advert by 2003 communication act
Barnardos 2008 advert:
Barnardos 2020 advert:
was less graphic than the 2008 advert, learnt from their past mistakes, simplism and got the publics attention
was not banned: spreading awareness, 500 complaints, not upheld,
Film
The horror film Evil Dead contained violent themes, Two kids killed a boy named James bulger , when asked why they did it they said it was because they watched horror films such as Evil Dead
The Hunt
Withdrawn due to negative media coverage on the representation of political parties and their supporters in a gruesome manner.
Trump indirectly commented on the state of films promoting violence and divide between social groups (liberals v republicans)
Universal withdrew film (links to recent mass shootings – El Paso August 2019) and Trump tweet: “Hollywood creates their own violence, then try to blame others” – massively unusual for a US President to become involved in a regulation debate
Creativity v Regulation
WB argued that the portrayal of gun violence in the film Joker was essential to comment on the state of guns control and the epidemic of violence in the states.
They stated that the element was crucial to give an impactful statement on the controversial topic.
Debates
Citizens vs Consumer . Consumers want to watch whatever they please . Citizens feel that they should be protected by regulatory bodies
Is media regulation required in todays digital age/ should media be deregulated to allow freedom to consume and produce?
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Regulatory bodies
ASA
Principle: Self regulating, dependant on public opinion
Limitations: ASA are limited to requesting a withdrawal or simply bad publicity for the advert (no fine is enforced)ASA SITE
BBFC
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Public regard
10,000 people consulted - 97%wanted regulations to stay - 95% of teens wanted consistent age rating across all social media - strong use of sexual language = 18 rating - teens aged 12-14 have an increase accsess to media = makes parents worried and want consistent ratings
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Classification method
Compliance Officers provide recommendations based on the published Guidelines of the BBFC. (See the following classification criteria below)
At least two of the Compliance Officers see films submitted by filmmakers before they are released in theatres, and a Compliance Manager typically approves the age rating suggestion based on the judgement of the two officers.
They reflect people’s views on film, DVD, Blu-ray, video on demand (VoD) regulation and are regularly updated. (Rights of citizens is prioritised)
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Ratings and why?
High Life
Reasons Y 18
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Violence such as stabbing, rape and murder can be imitated
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Farming
Reasons Y 18
Depiction of racial tension, issues with social class and possibly enticing violent ideology
Gang violence, physical violence
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