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nutrition, + - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Digestion is complete here, The enzymes further digest food in a slight alkaline ph
    - - absortion of the digested food happens here. food is absorbed into blood by tiny villi, little "fingers" which increase the surface area of the intestine, this villi have microilli to have an even larger surface area, the small intestine is has many loops so the surface are can be increased
      - adaptations of villi
        
        large surface area
        
        thin walls for easy diffusion
        
        good blood supply for easy and quick diffusion
- - - - phosphurus
        
        helps filter out waste in the kidneys and plays an essential role in how the body stores and uses energy
      - potassium
        
        helps your nerves, muscles heart to function well
      - iron
        
        it is needed to create rdc in the process of Hematopoiesis ( creation of rbc)
      - sulfur
        
        to build and fix your DNA
      - calcium
        
        to grow and repair bones and teeth
      - sodium
        
        to maintain a balance of body fluids and keep muscles and nerves running smoothly
      - chloride
        
        to keep the proper balance of body fluids
      - magnesium
        
        essential for healthy muscles, nerves, bones and blood sugar levels
    - - support normal growth and development
      - help cells and organs do their jobs
      - boost the immune system
    - - Vitamin C
        
        essential part of collagen protein, which makes up the skin, hair, gums, and bones
        
        found in
        
        some green vegetables
        
        citrus fruit
        
        If there is a lack of vitamin C it will cause scurvy
      - VitaminA
        
        Used to make pigment for retina vistion
        
        found in
        
        leafy green vegetables
        
        dairy
        
        meat
      - Vitamin D
        
        Helps absorb calcuim for stronger teethh and bones
        
        found in
        
        fish and dairy products
        
        can be absorbed through natural sunlight
- - - - they break down complex sugars as starch into simple sugars as glucose to produce energy
    - - breakdown proteins to aminoacids
    - - break down fats into fatty acids and glycerold
  - - - the substance that the enzyme will separate
    - - The part of the enzyme where the substrate binds so it can be separated
    - - the 2 substances that come out of the substrate after going through an enzyme
  - - - the optimum temperature for an enzyme is around 37º
      - if an enzyme reaches a temperature over 60 º it becomes denatured
        
        a denatured enzyme won't work as its active site has been damaged and can't be repaired
    - - the optimum ph changes between enzymes but the majority of enzymes work best at a neutral ph
      - at first a enzyme can be deformed by a high or low ph slowing a reaction but at a specific moment the enzyme becomes denatured
- - - - provide energy, structurall support to cells
    - - starch (4glucose)
        
        simple sugars, melatose (2 glucose)
        
        glucose
  - - - grow and repair muscles
    - - amino acids (20 types of amino acids)
  - - - insulation and energy storage
    - - glycerold
      - 3 fatty acids