Allowed for a larger transformation in the ideological structure of the empire

Germanos- patriarch's writting as a primary source

Leo III's interpretation of the catastrophe of Thera: viewed this as a displeasure with icon

arguement of Leo III being from the east meaning he was influenced by arab ideals more than others

Divine will was a major catalyse for the iconoclasm debate

Passed through arab/ islamic beliefs around icons

Connection to the Caledonnian/ Monophysite, "crisis of over-explenationn"

Triumph of orthoxdoxy 843 - 787 Concil of Nicaea

Icons focused peoples attention of beliefs, practices and traditions– this extended to imperial and religious control

Icons were still produced throughout the iconoclast period

Religious issues were a consequence of religious authorities attempting to legitimise power against opposing views