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Emilio Aguinaldo: Hero or Gangster, How to write a Background?, What's…
Emilio Aguinaldo: Hero or Gangster
2. Body
Brief History
Family
He was born in a rich family.
Seventh son of Karlos Aguinaldo, who was a gobernadorcillo of Cavite El Viejo.
Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy was born in March 22, 1869 at Cavite El Viejo.
Education
First he received basic education from his great-aunt.
Later, he attended the Cavite's elementary school.
Next, during 1880, he took up his secondary course education at Colegio de San Juan de Letran.
He quit on his third year after the death of his father. He returned home to help his widowed mother manage their farm.
Occupation
At age 17, Emilio was elected as cabeza de barangay (head of Barangay) of
Binakayan which is the most progressive barrio of Cavite El Viejo
. He held this position serving for his town-mates for eight years. He also engaged in inter-island shipping, travelling as far south as the Sulu Archipelago.
Then in 1895, he was then turned into a "Captain Municipal", a government position with more political power due to the Maura Law which aimed in making the town governments more effective and autonomous.
What makes him a ganster?
Controversies
American Period
Rumored ordered assasination of Heneral Luna
Antonio Luna is a strong anti-American and wants to gain independence from them.
Relations between the Americans and the Filipinos were unfriendly and grew steadily worse.
Spanish Period
The ordered execution of Andres Bonifacio approved by Aguinaldo.
The Arrest at Indang
Aguinaldo tried not to act hastily since he needs to take care of not alienating the supporter's of Bonifacio.
He
confronted to Andres Bonifacio about why he created a secondary government. Andres Bonifacio was in a meeting with the generals and his other low class supporters (idk if this is true). But they were talking about Emilio Aguinaldo (right?).
The arrest happened after 37 days after the Tejeros Convention.
Acta de Tejeros
Context:
During the election for president, vice president and chief of staff, in which Andres Bonifacio wasn't elected in any of those, Andres Bonifacio felt like the elections were rigged and declared the results of those elections null and voice.
Umali, J. (1970, January 1). The untold story of Andres Bonifacio’s execution. Esquiremag.ph.
https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/features/andres-bonifacio-execution1-a2212-20190515-lfrm
Why?
The document Acta de Tejeros was created on March 23, 1897, just 1 day after the Tejeros convention. It was created to prove that a lot of people in that convention believed that the results were rigged. It was signed by 44 people.
Who were included?
It included some of Aguinaldo's old generals such as "Artemio Ricarte" and "Pio Del Pilar".
Why did Aguinaldo send Bonifacio to his death?
During the Tejeros Convention, Andres Bonifacio believed that the elections were rigged and created a new army and second government in Naic, Cavite through the Naic Military Agreement.
Emilio Aguinaldo, on the other hand, declared that the government from the Tejeros convention should be followed. Bonifacio declined, which Aguinaldo saw as treason.
The creation of Naic Military Agreement of Andres Bonifacio
Who were included?
After the tensions during the Tejeros Convention, Bonifacio along with 40 other generals went to Naic, Cavite for a meeting on April 19, 1897. This included some of Aguinaldo's loyal men.
Some of Aguinaldo's men joined him such as: Artemio Ricarte, Mariano Noriel, del Pilar.
Why?
This was created as a response to the perceived manipulation of the results of the Tejeros Convention by Andres Bonifacio and his followers. They felt that the elections were rigged.
This was also the created government of Andres Bonifacio separated by the government created during the Tejeros Convention.
On April 18, 1897 which was 26 days after the Tejeros convention. The Naic Military agreement was created. It was also created before the meeting in Naic, Cavite.
Where was he killed?
on the top of the
mountains of Marogondon
.
Context
The two factions of the Katipunan which were the Magdiwang Faction and the Magdalo faction. The Magdiwang Faction focused on doing physical revolutionary battles while the Magdalo faction focused on having peaceful diplomatic agreements with the Spaniards.
The two factions agreed on doing the
Tejeros convention
, held on Cavite on March 22, 1897.
The purpose of the convention was to discuss the Katipunan's defense of Cavite and to set up a revolutionary government.
For the Revolutionary government, they have a democratic election.
First was being President
2 more items...
Second was Vice President
2 more items...
The last and lowest position of the government was the Interior Secretary
4 more items...
His election in the Malolos Congress
Context
Why
Who were involved?
4. Is Emilio Aguinaldo a hero or a traitor?
What makes him considered as a hero?
Fought for Freedom and Independence against United States.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (1998, July 20). Emilio Aguinaldo | Biography, Facts, Significance, & Spanish-American War. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved on November 8,2023 from
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Emilio-Aguinaldo
Wikipedia contributors. (2023, November 6). Emilio Aguinaldo. Wikipedia. Retrieved on November 8,2023 from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo
Emilio Aguinaldo was leading and won multiple battles against Spain.
Why?
He needed locations for the Katipunans to rest and regroup with the other Katipunans.
He needed to defend location which he believed were strategic for the Katipunans.
For example, the Battle of Imus. They defended this because it was close to Manila (near the enemy headquarters) and has good roads leading to the bay-shore towns (it was a beautiful location and can easily get fish here since it's near the bay-shore towns).
Wikipedia contributors. (2023, November 3). Battle of Imus. Wikipedia. Retrieved on November 8,2023 from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Imus
He also wanted to liberate nearby towns from Spanish hands.
Why was he leading the army?
Because he was a skillful warrior against the Spaniards which he climbed across the ranks in the Katipunan to become a General for the Katipunan army.
What happened during this event?
1. Background Setting
(this part will be the overview background setting of the Philippines during Emilio Aguinaldo’s time)
Introduction
Bayani ba siya or isang Traydor?
He's a Gobernadorcillo
What's a Gobernadorcillo?
Their term of office lasted for two years.
The gobernadorcillo was the leader of a town or pueblo (people or population).
Random Information
He is born with a rich family
He is a gobernadorcillo
Collegio San Juan
Namatay ang kanyang ama
Nag trabaho sa kanilang bukid as a farmer.
KKK
Kataas taasan
Kagalang galang
Katipunan ng mga Anak
Andres Bonifacio
Local Leader of the Katipunan
Why did he join the Katipunan?
He was encouraged to join by Santiago Alvarez, whose father was the Mayor of Noveleta. The Katipunan was dedicated to the expulsion of the Spanish and the independence of the Philippines through armed force. Aguinaldo's successes in battle led to his election as Bonifacio's replacement.
Bonifacio was later arrested, tried, and executed by Aguinaldo's order
(1) Emilio Aguinaldo - Wikipedia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo
What's Noveleta?
Noveleta was originally a barrio of the municipality of Kawit (Cavite El Viejo)
Who's Santiago Alvarez?
What are the battles that Emilio Aguinaldo lead?
Battle of Imus
Legit?
Yes
Aguinaldo with 600 men versus 3,000 spaniards
Battle of Binakayan - Dalahican
Battle of Zapote Bridge
Spanish Cavite Offensive and Battle of Perez Dasmarinas
There are rumors that Emilio Aguinaldo killed General Luna
1. Introduction
Emilio Aguinaldo, he led
multiple fights for freedom and independence against Spain & America
such as the Battle of Zapote Bridge (Spain) and the Battle of Manila (America). But, he is also included in some controversies like the
ordered death penalty of Andres Bonifacio
and the rumored
ordered assasination of General Luna
.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo#:~:text=He%20led%20the%20Philippine%20forces%20first%20against%20Spain,the%20United%20States%20during%20the%20Philippine%E2%80%93American%20War%20%281899%E2%80%931901%29
.
Historical Background
During the time of Emilio Aguinaldo, which was the 19th century, the Spanish Empire already colonized the Philippines, and they were very abusive against the Filipinos such as
making them pay heavy taxes and making them do a lot of labor work
.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Emilio-Aguinaldo
In the 19th century, under the oppressive rule of the Spanish Empire, the Philippines was subjected to severe hardships. The Filipinos were burdened with heavy taxes and forced labor. Amidst this turmoil, a figure of resistance emerged - Emilio Aguinaldo.
Fueled by the desire to liberate his people, Aguinaldo allied with the Katipunan, also known as the KKK (Kataastaasang, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan). His military skills and charismatic leadership
led to multiple victories in the fight for independence against Spain
, including the notable Battle of Zapote Bridge. Later he also defended his country from oppressive Americans, although he was eventually captured.
However, Aguinaldo’s legacy is not without controversy. While many regard him as a hero, others label him a traitor due to his alleged involvement in the execution of Andres Bonifacio and the rumored assassination of General Luna. These actions raise questions about his motivations.
This presentation explores Aguinaldo's motivations and actions in the context of the Philippines' Political and Social condition during the late 1800s. This is our attempt to understand the man behind the legend.
Emilio Aguinaldo
Treaty of Paris
This was created because The Great Britain realized that the seven years war between
The Great Britain
and
Spain
was too expensive. So they signed a treaty to end the war and gave most of the land back (since they will have to pay the land that they took).
How to write a Background?
Follow a funnel approach.
Provide a general overview of the field and then narrow it down to your topic.
The first sentence and paragraph
It depends on your audience, your field, and the importance of each concept in your work.
Back it up with statistics.
Demonstrate what we already know
Briefly review what we already know about the topic in both practice and literature.
Practice:
Real Word evidence
Example: Industry and government reports, newspaper articles, and statistics.
Literature
Review relevant theories, and key findings of past studies. Your brief literature review should end at the research gaps.
Highlight the Importance of the issue.
Briefly review relevant concepts, terms, and definitions.
The brief literature review should end at the research gaps.
Discuss the context of the study.
Always ask to yourself
Is this relevant to my topic?
The 3-step approach
Follow a funnel approach
Start with a broader idea and narrow it down to your research topic.
Demonstrate what we already know in the real world
Provide an overview of the topic in practice and support it with evidence (ex: industry and government reports, newspaper articles, and statistics).
Highlight the significance of the issue by providing evidence of the importance of the topic.
Briefly review relevant concepts, terms, definitions, and ideas.
Demonstrate what we already know in literature
Review relevant theories, and key findings of the literature.
Cite review articles, systematic literature reviews, and meta-analysis studies and recently published articles.
Support each statement with several good citations.
This part should end at research gaps and what is missing in the literature.
Higlight the importance of the research gap.
Present the context of the study.
Explain what makes this context a unique case to study from the lens of your research.
Briefly review the importance of conducting your study in this context.
What's the KKK?
Goal
It was created to end Spanish Colonial Rule.