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Household Responsibility System - Coggle Diagram
Household Responsibility System
Reasoning
Commune system key issue
Revised to give full responsibility to household
80% pop. lived in countryside
Low annual growth rate 1957-78
Grain production: 2.6%
Cotton: 2.1%
Policy
De-Collectivisation
Collectivised land redistributed to private farmers
Production units to create more freedom & incentive
Farmers given full responsibility over own land
Aims
Minimal incentive to work
Increase motivation & overall agricultural production
Work hard to increase productivitty
Methods
Raising subsidies farmers received for good produced
Motivating farmers through subsidies & ability to pass land on to generations
15-30 year lease contracts
Ability to rent land to other farmers if they didn't wish to farm
Impacts
by 1979, 98% of farm households came under system
Farmers spent 60 days/year on crops compared to 250-300 days during collectivisation
Cash income quadrupled
Standards of living improved
Total production of crops & livestock increased 49% 1978-84
1987: Rice & wheat yields risen 50%
Problems
Neglect of former commune services
Irrigation systems
Equipment
Lack of investment to improve productive power
National expenditure decreasing 1978: 13.3% to 6.8% 2983
Loss of productive land due to appropriation for industry
2.5 million acres in 1985 alone
Success / Outcomes
Evidenced by 5% annual increase 1978-84 & 7.8% annual growth rate In agricultural value
Aims of de-collevtivisation deemed successful
Decrease after 1984 due to peasants not anting to invest in govt owned land