Foundations of Geopolitics :

Other German Political Geographers/Theorists

Haushofer

Several Academics (Ratzel) & Middelstand ("white-collar" workers) people favor Agrarianism

Herder

Volksnation

Staatsnation

One-Worldism Focused Theorists

Mackinder

Mahan

Heartland Theory: Believed if an area had the most land, the most innovation (Railroads) will go there. He considered the "Heartland" to be much of where modern-day Russia is.

"Aquatological" Theory: Decisive factors in power politics in the fleet-based domination of the sea (Teschke, 329).

The Very Beginning of Political Geography

Ratzel

Emigrationist Colonialism

Politische Geography Published Work

Lebensraum

Social Darwinism

Volk

Ritter

The first organic conception of the state, later elaborated by Ratzel. Geopolitik

Later accepts Ratzel's Lebensaum Law (after 1918)

Kjellen incorporated this idea into his "Geopolitics"

Becomes catch-word for conservative politics in 1920s-- used to attack Versailles Treaty for stealing "Living Space" from German Volk

Kultur

Other (German Politics)

Realpolitik-- Realistic Politics as opposed to idealistic politics. Typically associated with 19th century German nationalism. Used to tighten social order.