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B-7: Non communicable diseases - Coggle Diagram
B-7: Non communicable diseases
Tumours/growths
2 types of cancer are benign and malignant
Malignant (known as cancer)
Tumour cells that spread around the body, invading healthy tissues.
Often referred to as cancer.
Initial tumour may split up, releasing small clumps of cells into the bloodstream and may lodge in another organ, causing secondary tumours
Benign
Growths of abnormal cells contained in one place, usually in a membrane
Do not invade other parts of the body but can grow very large very quickly.
Can be life threatening if they put pressure on an organ, e.g. tumours on the brain are dangerous because there is no extra growing space
Non-communicable diseases
Non-communicable diseases cannot be passed from one person to another
Risk factors are aspects of a person's lifestyle are substances they come in contact with which increases the risk of catching a disease. These include smoking, obesity, common viruses, or UV
A causal mechanism is something that explains how one factor influences another, e.g. how lack of exercise influences the likelihood of obesity
Smoking
Smoking can cause cardiovascular disease like coronary heart disease, lung cancer and other lung diseases like bronchitis and COPD
A baby exposed to smoke has restricted oxygen, which can lead to premature birth, low birthweight, and even stillbirth
Diet
Diet affects your risk of developing cardiovascular and other diseases directly through cholesterol and indirectly obesity
Exercise levels affect the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease
Obesity is strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes
Alcohol and other carcinogens
Alcohol can damage the liver and cause cirrhosis/liver cancer
Alcohol can cause brain damage and death by causing the brain to lose its structure
Alcohol taken in by a pregnant woman can affect the development of the baby
Can lead to slurred speech, lack of self-control, and lack of judgement