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Malay Nationalism Before Japan - Coggle Diagram
Malay Nationalism Before Japan
British renewed Interest
Dramatic Increase in Trade and Wealth from China and Southeast asia
Colonial Supremacy
British non-Intervention Policy
A Trading company first
Involvement in Malay Politics implied expanses that are counter-productive to their goals and affect their profit margins
British Intervention
Tempias problems around the vicinity
Distance between officials in the archipelago and the HQ in India and London made it difficult to coordinate
Political and Economic Realities of the Peninsula forced the British hand.
Malay Politics & British Entrance
Penang & Britain
Offered a base in exchange for protection
Georgetown
So successful it undermined the influence of Penang
Failed attack by Sultan
Purchase of Prai>Province of Wellesley
Melaka & Britain
Convinced the Dutch to concede their territories to prevent further French Expansion
Intended to sabotage the VOC before handing it back
Did not go through and remained under Britain until 1957
Singapore & Britain :
raffles desire to set up a base
Encouraged the eldest son of the previous Sultan of Johor to sign the rights of Singapore to Britain in exchange of recognising him as rightful heir.
Culminated into the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824
A Turning point in Malay Politics
British and Chinese had effectively taken over the trade in the archipelago over the Malays
Malays were increasingly pushed into a rural, agricultural life, cut off from the centers of commerce
British policies had created 2 predominantly Chinese Cities - Penang & Singapore - ruled by the British, in a Malay world.
Malay Politics: Political Instability :
The Undermining of the Traditional Malay Feudal State
Local Malay Leaders in the interior were becoming more wealthy than the Sultan from the Tin trade.
Large Migration of Chinese to the Tin Industry
In States such as Perak, Negri Sembilan, Singapore, They outnumbered the Malays
Plus they lived separately from the locals and were self sufficient with through the Kongsi.
Civil Wars
Between Royals
Between the Chinese secret Societies
Culminating into the Pangkor Agreement of 1874
The Beginning of Indirect Rule
Disaster of 1875, Murder of a Resident-Birch due to his forceful agenda: abolishing slavery, change in collection of revenue, and control of the judiciary
Federated Malay States
Formation of the Federal Council and the further undermining of the Malay influence
Colonialism as a social Force
Colonial reconstruction of the Malaya culture was a necessary step for the development of trade in the Peninsula
Changes in Population Demography with immigration
Domination of Chinese Populations in several Malay States
The undermining of Malay Power
External forces from Colonialism
Internal forces of Chinese Societies and Royal Rivalries creating instability
Subsequent creation of Malay Nationalist Group to promote Malay Rights
Colonialism and Trade
Took over trade in the Peninsula, leaving the Malays to simple lives of agriculture
Education and Nationalism