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Mutation, A permanent change in the amount,arrangement or structure of DNA…
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A permanent change in the amount,arrangement or structure of DNA or permanent change in the chromosome number of an organism
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- Codon is changed and code for different amino acid
- e.g. : Sickle Cell Anaemia
- Codon is changed and code for the same amino acid
- Changes of a codon into a stop codon cause translation to be terminated prematurely
- only involves one cheomosome translocate a segment
- Involves exchange os segment at changes between two non-homologous chromosome
- Involves the whole set of chromosomes
- More common in plants
-Addition or losing one or more individual chromosomes
-Because of non-disjunction during meiosis
-Can occur in autosome and sex-chromosome
- e.g.mistakes in base pairing during DNA replication
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- Loss of a chromosome segment
- The affected chromosome become shorter & missing certain genes
- e.g. : cri du chat syndrome
(5p deletion syndrome)
- Segment of a chromosome break off and reattached in the opposite orientation in the same chromosome
- No change in the genotype
- Types : -Pericentric. -Paracentric
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