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Population studies - Coggle Diagram
Population studies
bithrates
high
traditions&religious
less urbanised and industralised environment
males carry family name
old age security
daughters seen as liability
dowry
added status in community
absence of old age security
lack of pensions/health care services
children viewed as security for old paretns
adherence to religious doctrine
oppose artificial birth control
muslim
roman catholic
agriarian based commmunity
children as assets
help out on farm
earn money
take care of parents
low cost child dependency yrs
high infant mortality rates
poor medical health services
need to ensure that some children survive
as many kids as possible
more children than intended
absence of family planning
no invesment in sex-edu
lack of info abt
birth control
family planning
political
gov offers inducements & concessions to encourage larger families
jap
late 1930
malaysia
1990s
low literacy
ignorance/lack of
education on family planning
knowledge of birth control
low social awareness
little opportunity for employment
limmited choice of action
rural setting or environment
availability of space for a large family
low expenses of raising kids
feed
clothe
educate
low standards of living
disempowerment of illiterate women
no high aspirations
not career-minded
family bound
lives revolve around family
early maraiges
ave:15
longer reproductive lifespan
↑land productivity and food production
employment if scientific methods of cultivation
Alleviate starvation&famine
low
Birth control
abortion
sterilisation
contraceptives
gov incentives
low infant mortality rates
low pressuer to have so many childern
↑literacy rates& mechanisation
less laborurs needed
economic development, industrilisation&urbanisation
↑office jobs&factories
children not permitted to work
↑desires for material possesions
cars
luxury goods
preference for leisurely pursuits
hols
easier to maintain high standards with small family
women become more educated
do not see role as only bearing children
↑ large numbers unwilling to give up careers
do not start family earlier
shorter child bearing yrs
low birth rate
fewer/no children
might chose to remain single
death rates
high
disease & plague
famine, uncertain food supplies, poor diet
poor hygine
no piped/clean water
no sewage disposal
little/few medical science
few
docs
hospitals
drugs
war/ethenic clesnsing
natural disasters
low
Modern and readily available services
clean water
electricity
sanitation
minimise transmission of water-borne diseases&occurrences of epidemics
↑land productivity&food production
employment of scientific methods for cultivation
reliable food supply
starvation and famine alleviated
good hygiene n sanitisation
advanced medical n health service
better vaccination n health care
lower infant mortality rates
↑life expectancy
knowledge about healthy living