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Mind Map Week 6: Immigrant Health Promotion - Coggle Diagram
Mind Map Week 6: Immigrant Health Promotion
BC offers high quality examples of culturally-relevant health promotion programs that draw on Ottawa Charter action areas and target specific communities to increase uptake of health promotion practices among Immigrant Canadians.
3.1 REACH as example of bridging cultural values and beliefs with Canadian perspectives/culture - providing social and community-building support
3.1.1. cross-cultural health brokers to build trust, improve health literacy
3.1.2 presents health promotion as mediating strategy b/w immigrants and new environment
3.1.1 similar idea to peer mentorship programs here at SFU, but w/ health focus
3.1.2 recognizing socio-enviornmental risk factors for health
3.2 South Asian Exercise Trial as example of effectiveness of culturally relevant health promo
3.2.1 no need for assimilation - respecting and integrating cultural differences resonates more than a 'one size fits all' approach
3.2.2 Idea of programs targeted to particular subgroups is not unique to immigrant health - e.g, research showing increased effectiveness of targeted messaging for vaccine hesitancy
The COVID-19 pandemic can be used as a large scale case study to examine the multiple axes of inequality and he reality of health disparities among Immigrant Canadians
5.1 African, Caribbean and Black communities in USA faced disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality due to compounding inequities and inequalities
5.2 Racialized communities in Ontario experienced 3x higher rates of infection, 4x higher hospitalization / ICU
5.2.1 intersecting identities shape experience (e.g., age, gender, language, religion)
5.2.2 social and structural determinants
5.3. disproportionate number of immigrants working in professional front line roles (nurses aides, orderlies, patient services)
5.3.1 often overlooked in conversations regarding impact of COVID-19 on heath and wellbeing of providers
5.3.1.1 still taking on same risk
Striving to build healthy public policy that considers the wellbeing of all Canadians (not just non-immigrants) will reduce barriers to health promotion uptake and improve both long and short term health outcomes for immigrant groups.
4.2 A renewed focus on cultural competency in all aspects of healthcare settings is required
4.2.2 fostering empathy for all - not just select few that fit Canadian ideals
4.2.3 acknowledging that different lived experiences have huge impact on outcomes - context is key
4.2.1 reflexivity from providers
4.3 Resisting neoliberal mindset / commodification of health
4.3.1 heavily dependent on political environment - we need progressive leaders
4.1 Shifting political discourse from immigrants as a burden on the healthcare system to legitimately addressing inequality and inequity
4.1.1 'wicked' problem?
4.1.2 drawing on and modifying four P's of commercial marketing or use in health promotion practice
4.1.2.1 Social marketing approach
Despite the initial 'healthy immigrant effect', many immigrants face a complex array of interrelated challenges that impact their health outcomes in several ways, often having a compounding effect.
1.2 Health advantage decreases over time, with elderly immigrants most susceptible to disparities
1.2.1 Due to impact of inequities - inevitable effect without action taken to address
1.2.2 multiple jepordy for elderly
1.3 Some peculiar discrepancies between subgroups - social determinants of health lens most effective for unpacking/analyzing
1.3.1 lower prevalence of many chronic diseases despite greater risk
1.3.2 Better mental health but less likely to access supports
1.1 Multiple possible explanations for 'healthy immigrant effect'
1.1.1 Selective migration - healthy individuals most likely to feel well-positioned to immigrate
1.1.2 Intake policies as second filter (e.g., health exam)
There are a wide variety of barriers to health promotion uptake among immigrants, and some sub groups are disproportionately impacted due to intersectionality between them.
2.3 Ability to take informed action on health often severely limited by language barriers
2.3.2 lack of culturally competent care - in other classes we've seen how competency actually affects outcomes (empirical evidence)
2.3.3 Desperate need for health promotion educational info languages to better present homogeneity of Canadian immigrant population
2.3.4 Seems like a low cost, high impact option, but trust needs to be factored into the equation at some point too
2.3.1 Limits access, ability to build relationship with provider (which affects trust), limited ability to self-advocate
2.4 Age and Gender are barriers that immigrants themselves have very little control over - can't teach either, just have to deal with circumstances
2.4.2 Under certain cultural norms, women often take bulk of familial burden, reducing the attention/energy available to focus on health
2.4.2.1 also physical barriers (e.g., some women not allowed to drive)
2.4.2.2 general ambivalence to leisure activity due to patriarchal norms
2.4.1 Canadian seniors already lonely (public health crisis), immigration often exacerbates due to language barrier and leaving loved ones in home country
2.2 Many confined to lower SES and social class with limited upward mobility - often leads to financial difficulties
2.2.1 gendered differences in social roles as contributor
2.2.2 discrimination in labour market
2.1 Actual process of migration poses many difficulties - often many more things during critical time in life that take priority over health promotion practice uptake
2.1.1 many barriers are exactly what you'd expect - limited knowledge of system or Western med, different cultural perspectives on health
2.1.1.1 Individualist vs collectivist societal norms likely plays a role here?
2.5 Diverse cultural perceptions of different elements of life course / health in general can be major determinants
2.5.1 Fatalistic approach
2.5.2 Inactivity as part of the life course