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02 VERBS conditional/modal - Coggle Diagram
02 VERBS conditional/modal
CONDITIONALS IF
CONDICIONAL 0
SI LA CONDICIÓN OCURRE EL RESULTADO OCURRE
PRESENTE (simple, continuo, perfecto)+PRESENTE (simple,continuo, perfecto)
IF THE FOOD IS OUT OF DATE, I DON´T EAT IT
IF YOU ARE TALKING, I CAN´T CONCENTRATE
I CAN´T CONCENTRATE IF YOU ARE TALKING
WHEN YOU ARE TALKING, I CAN´T CONCENTRATE
IF I HAVE DRUNK, I DON´T DRIVE
si he bebido no conduzco
CONDICIONAL 1
SI LA CONDICIÓN OCURRE EL RESULTADO OCURRIRÁ
PRESENTE (simple, continuo, perfecto) + FUTURO SIMPLE (any type)
IF MARY CALLS HIM, JOHN WILL COME
IF HE DOESN´T CALL, YOU SHOULD TELL ME INMEDIATELY
IF YOU HAVE COME TO CLASS, THE EXAM IS GOING TO BE EASY
IF WE WIN, WE WILL BE CELEBRATING SOON
WE WILL BE CELEBRATING SOON IF WE WIN
IF YOU STUDY MORE, YOU WILL PASS THE EXAM
si estudias más, aprobarás el examen
CONDICIONAL 2
SI LA CONDICIÓN HUBIESE OCURRIDO EL RESULTADO PODRÍA OCURRIR
EL PASADO DEL VERBO TO BE SIEMPRE ES “WERE”
PASADO (simple o continuo) + CONDICIONAL SIMPLE (would, could, might)
IF I HAD MORE MONEY, I WOULD BUY A BIG HOUSE
IF I HAD A MILLION DOLARS, I WOULD TRAVEL THE WORLD
IF I WERE RICH, I WOULD STOP STUDING
IF YOU WEREN´T WORKING HERE, YOU´D BE IN PRISON
IF I WERE YOU, I WOULD ASK HER TO MARRY ME
IF I WERE YOU, I MIGHT WAIT BEFORE MAKING A DECISION
si fuera tu, esperaría antes de tomar una decisión
IF IT WEREN´T FOR HIS HELP, I MIGHT NOT BE TALKING TO YOU NOW
I MIGHT NOT BE TALKING TO YOU NOW IF IT WEREN´T FOR HIS HELP
IF I WON THE LOTTERY, I WOULD TRAVEL AROUND THE WORLD
CONDICIONAL 3
SI LA CONDICIÓN HUBIESE OCURRIDO EL RESULTADO PODRÍA HABER OCURRIDO
PASADO PERFECTO (simple o continuo)+CONDICIONAL PERFECTO (would, could, might)
IF I HAD STUDIED A LITTLE MORE IN COLLEGE, LIFE WOULD HAVE BEEN EASIER
IF WE HAD GOTTEN TO THE AIRPORT ON TIME, WE WOULD HAVE CAUGHT OUR FLIGHT
IF SHE HAD TALKED TO ME, I WOULD HAVE FELT BETTER
IF YOU HAD COME TO CLASS, YOU WOULD HAVE PASSED THE EXAM
IF HE HADN´T BEEN WEARING A HELMET, HE MIGHT HAVE DIED
HE MIGHT HAVE DIED IF HE HADN´T BEEN WEARING A HELMET
IF THE WETHER HAD BEEN GOOD, WE WOULD HAVE GONE WATER-SKIING
IF I HAD SEEN YOU, I WOULD HAVE SAID HELLO
si te hubiese visto, te hubiera dicho hola
CONDICIONAL MIX1 (IF + 3er CONDICIONAL, 2do CONDICIONAL)
SI LA CONDICIÓN HUBIESE OCURRIDO EL RESULTADO PODRÍA OCURRIR
PASADO PERFECTO (simple, continuo)+ CONDICIONAL SIMPLE (would, could, might)
IF I HAD WON THE LOTTERY, I WOULD TRAVEL AROUND THE WORLD
(si hubiera ganado la loteria, viajaría por todo el mundo)
IF I HAD TAKEN AN ASPIRIN, I WOULDN´T HAVE A HEADACHE NOW
si hubiera tomado una aspirina, no tendría dolor de cabeza ahora
CONDICIONAL MIX2 (IF + 2do CONDICIONAL, 3er CONDICIONAL)
SI LA CONDICIÓN HUBIESE OCURRIDO EL RESULTADO PODRÍA HABER OCURRIDO
PASADO (simple o continuo) + CONDICIONAL PERFECTO (would, could, might)
IF I SPOKE BETTER ITALIAN, I COULD HAVE GOT THE JOB
(si hablara un buen italiano, podría haber cogido el trabajo)
IF HE WERE SO GOOD, HE COULD HAVE WON THE MATCH
si fuera bueno, podría haber ganado el partido
0
if it snows, travelling is more difficult
1
if it´s sunny tomorrow we will go to the beach
2
if you didn´t smoke you would feel a lot better
3
if she had gone to university, she would have found a really good job
MIX1
If I had taken an aspirin, I wouldn´t have a headache now
MIX2
if I spoke better italian, I could have got the job
ALTERNATIVE TO
IF
I will take an unbrella
in case
it rains
I´ll take an umbrella if it rains
I won´t go to the party
unless
you go too
I won´t go to the party if you don´t go too
even if
you apoligise, he´ll never forgive you
I´ll tell you what really happen
only if
you can keep the secret
MODAL VERBS
CAN
poder
habilidad o posibilidad
I can speak english
COULD
pudo/pude/podría
past ability/future posibility
Jim could run fast when he was young
we trid it hard but we couldn´t do it
we could go to the cínema
MAY
quizás/puede que
polite permission/suggestion
may I have some water?
he may be in his office
MIGHT
quizás/puede que/a lo mejor/es posible que/tal vez si o no/podría ser que
third conditional/suggestion
If I had studied more, I might have passed the exam
you might want to take a break
WILL
futuro/ré-rá
formar tiempo futuro
if it rains, I will bring an umbrella
WOULD
conditional/ría
second conditional/modal simple
If I were you, I would buy a house
would you please turn on the light?
PRESENTE: condicional simple
PASADO: condicional perfecto
if you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam
I would have believed you if you hadn't lied to me before
MODALS IN PAST
MODAL PERFERCT
MODAL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
MODAL PERFECT CONTINUOUS
MAY/MIGHT + HAVE BEEN + ING FORM
for speculations about a continuous action in the past, we can use it
example: the don´t know why he crashed the car, but I have heard that he may have been drinking and driving
Los modales en pasado (o 'past modals') son los modales que usamos para expresar diferentes significados en pasado
ADVISABILITY: El modal 'should have' (también ‘ought to have’) se utiliza para mostrar una queja o para indicar que no se han cumplido tus expectativas.
Ellos deberían haber traído música a la fiesta.
They should have brought music to the party.
SUPPOSITIONS or SPECULATION: Utilizamos los modales perfectos ‘may have’, ‘might have’, ‘could have’ y ‘must have’ para hacer una suposición sobre algo que tuvo lugar en el pasado, expresando que es posible que haya ocurrido. El modal 'must have' y ‘can’t have’ se usan para hacer un comentario sobre el pasado basado en algo evidente.
Él puede haber visitado a su familia.
He may have visited his family.
Mary debe haber comprado un nuevo coche.
Mary must have bought a new car.
el gato se ha escapado, he debido dejar la ventana abierta por error.
the cat has escaped, I must have left the window open by mistake.
no lo sé, el ha podido haber perdido el tren.
I dont know, he might have missed the train.
he could have asked me to help him build the wardrobe, instead of spending all day doing it by himself
they must have gone to the party yesterday
PAST MODALS
third conditional/modal perfect
polite/request
MUST
debo hacerlo/debe ser/deber o tener que
obligation/recomendation
you must respect your parents
you must visit Barcelona city
you must be tired
SHOULD
debería
probability/obligation
our teacher should arrive soon
we should go to class this afternoon
Los verbos modales son verbos auxiliares que no pueden funcionar como un verbo principal, a diferencia de los verbos auxiliares “be”, “do” y “have” que sí pueden funcionar como un verbo principal.
Los verbos modales expresan modalidad, habilidad, posibilidad, necesidad u otra condición. Los utilizamos para el futuro y el condicional.
Como verbos complementarios que son, los verbos modales no funcionan sin otro verbo. Este otro verbo siempre va después del verbo modal y está en la forma base (el infinitivo sin “to”). No se conjugan los verbos modales y no tienen tiempo.
simple modals
Puedes abrir la ventana.
You can open the window.
Podías abrir la ventana.
You could open the window.
Puede que abra la ventana.
He may open the window.
Podría ser que abra la ventana.
He might open the window.
Deberías abrir la ventana.
You should open the window.
Debes abrir la ventana.
You must open the window.
Tienes que abrir la ventana.
You have to open the window.
CONDICIONALS FOR VAUGHAM
I WOULD BE
I CAN BE
I COULD BE
I SHOULD BE
I MAY BE
I MIGHT BE
I COULD HAVE BEEN
I SHOULD HAVE BEEN
I MAY HAVE BEEN
I MIGHT HAVE BEEN
MODAL VERBS and CONDICIONAL 1: The conditional used with these modal verbs is usually the first conditional. Its purpose is to indicate consequences, possibilities or conditions, when spoken in the present.
If you arrive early, you can catch a ride to the game with me
If you visit Brazil, you must come stay with me
I may come to your house after work, if I have enough time
We are going to look at conditional sentences using the modals “can”, “must”, “may” and “might”, instead of “will.”
You might catch a cold if you don’t put on a jacket
MODAL VERBS and CONDICIONAL 2: we can use other modal verbs in the past tense in the result part of the sentence
If she had time, she WOULD or MIGHT, COULD, SHOULD go to the gym