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Prenatal maternal changes; Reproductive system - Coggle Diagram
Prenatal maternal changes; Reproductive system
Uterus
enlarges, increasing in mass from approximately 60-1000g as a result of hyperplasia (influence of estrogen) and hypertrophy
irregular contractions occur typically beginning after 16 weeks of gestation
size and number of blood vessels and lymphatics
Cervix
becomes shorter, more elastic, and larger in diameter
endocervical glands secrete a thick mucous plug, which is expelled from the canal when dilation begins
increased vascularization and an increase in estrogen cause softening and a violet discoloration a.k.a Chadwick's sign, which occurs at about 6 weeks of gestation
ovaries
the maturation of new follicles is blocked
major function of the ovaries is to secrete progesterone for the 1st 6-7 weeks of pregnancy
ovaries cease ovum production
Vagina
Hypertrophy and thickening of the muscle occur
and increase in vaginal secretions is experienced; secretions are usually thick, white, and acidic
Breasts
changes occur because of the increasing effects of progesterone & estrogen
breast size increases and breasts may be tender
niples become more pronounces
areole become darker in color
Hypertrophy of Montgomery's follicles occurs
Colostrum may leak from the breast
Skin
some changes occur because the levels of melanocyte-simulation hormone increase as a result of an increase in estrogen and progesterone levels; these changes include the following:
increased pigmentation
dark streak down the midline of the abdomen (linea nigra)
chloasma (mask of pregnancy) - a blotchy brownish hyperpigmentation over the forehead, cheeks, and nose
vascular spider nevi may occur on the neck, chest, face, arms, and legs
reddish-purple stretch marls (striae gravidarum) on the abdomen, breats, thighs, and upper arms
rate of hair growth increased
Musculoskeletal System