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LEARNING MAP - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Food chains are sequential feeding relationships that start with a green plant (producer) and continue with consumers. They illustrate how energy and matter flow through ecosystems.
      - Food webs are interconnected networks of multiple food chains in an ecosystem, showing the complexity of relationships among organisms and how energy is distributed.
    - - Biomass pyramids are diagrams that represent the total dry weight of organisms at each trophic level in a food chain or web. They often have a pyramid shape, with the most biomass at the producer level and less as you move up the trophic levels.
      - Biomass pyramids highlight the concept of energy transfer efficiency, with a significant loss of biomass and energy as you move up the trophic levels, due to metabolic processes and heat production.
    - - Biological magnification occurs when certain chemicals, like pesticides or heavy metals, accumulate in higher order consumers in a food chain. This can lead to toxic levels of these substances in top predators.
      - The phenomenon of biological magnification is a result of the inability of organisms to excrete certain chemicals, causing them to build up in the food chain and potentially harm organisms at higher trophic levels.
    - - The Law of Conservation of Matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed; it only changes forms. This principle underlies the concept of cycles in nature
      - Cycles in nature, such as the water cycle and carbon and oxygen cycles, demonstrate how elements and compounds are continually reused and transformed within ecosystems.
    - - Biological control is a method of managing pest populations using natural predators, parasites, or interference with their reproduction. It is an alternative to chemical pesticides and aims to maintain ecological balance.
      - Successful examples of biological control involve introducing natural enemies of pests, such as the Cactoblastis Moth controlling the Prickly Pear Cactus population. Unsuccessful attempts can have unintended consequences, like the introduction of the cane toad in Australia.