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Imperial Presidents - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Nicaragua
        
        In response to rebel threats to remove Nicaragua's conservative, pro-American leadership, he dispatched 2,700 U.S. marines.
      - China
        
        Taft reduced trade between the United States and China
      - Mexico
        
        In order to defend American assets, Taft sent 2,000 troops to the Mexican border to stand by and be prepared to enter the country during a revolution
    - - Over time, Taft's distinctive method of diplomacy resulted in civil wars and uprisings in nations due to the loans and economic investments made, which eventually requires U.S military involvement
        
        “substituting dollars for bullets”
      - It didn't work because its foundation was a false idea that financial interests in America could take advantage of their potential power
      - to establish peace and order abroad in order to advance American enterprises and interests
        
        The Taft administration finally ended the policy in 1912 due to the failure of the Dollar Diplomacy.
        
        It developed as a result of President Theodore Roosevelt's nonviolent involvement in the Dominican Republic
        
        Dollar diplomacy has come to refer in a disparaging way to the heedless manipulation of foreign affairs for strictly monetary ends.
      - Was intended to safeguard American financial stability
- - - - a declaration of principles developed by the United States in 1899 and 1900 to safeguard equal rights
        
        countries that trade with China and that support Chinese territorial claims
        
        There should be no exceptions for any great power with a sphere from paying harbor dues or railroad fees.
        
        Through the presentation of the “Twenty-One Demands” to China in 1915, Japan broke the Open Door principle.
      - greeted in the United States with almost total acceptance
        
        A treaty port or any other vested interest within a great power's spheres should remain open to all
        
        only the Chinese government should collect taxes on trade
        
        The Open Door policy was rendered worthless by Japan's defeat in World War II and the communist victory in China's civil war
      - The strategy was the basis of American foreign policy in East Asia until the middle of the 20th century
    - - China
        
        China became a top priority for the McKinley administration's foreign policy.
        
        McKinley gave John Hay the go-ahead to publish a "Open Door" message on China
        
        It stated American support for an independent, non-colonized China
      - Spain
        
        Spain reacted violently.
        
        Many Americans were outraged by Spain's ruthless suppression of the uprising and started to raise and engage in combat on behalf of the Cuban nationalists.
      - Philippines
        
        A rebellion at the local level started in the Philippines almost immediately after the war with Spain ended.
        
        More than 5,000 Americans and almost 200,000 Filipinos lost their lives in the conflict, which lasted until 1902
      - Cuba
        
        McKinley was forced to deal with the problem of Cuba
        
        Cubans rose up in rebellion in 1895 as a result of Spain's oppressive reign over the island.
- - - - The goal is to negotiate peacefully while also being prepared to use force if necessary.
        
        The Venezuela Crisis of 1902 led to the adoption of the Big Stick policy.
        
        Several European nations were making an effort to collect debts owed by different Venezuelan parties.
      - It is a tactic for intimidating nations without actually doing them harm.
      - It was typically used when a conflict involved more than just the two main parties.
  - - - Roosevelt offered various forms of assistance to Japan, including financial support, to prevent the Russian invasion of Manchuria
        
        He helped bring the Russo-Japanese Peace Treaty to an end in the hopes that it would bring about peace between Japan and Russia.
    - - Roosevelt mediated a conflict between France and Germany on the division of Morocco
      - Theodore Roosevelt's request to command a volunteer army to France was denied
- - - - Moral Diplomacy
        
        system in which only nations with beliefs similar to the nation's are supported
        
        encourages the development of the country's ideals and harms countries with different ideologies
        
        Both were meant to aid both the United States and countries in Latin America
        
        Involved with :
        
        Mexico
        
        sent American soldiers to Mexico in 1914
        
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        Wilson's strategy aimed to use American power to free Mexico from the influence of foreign economic interests
        
        Dominican Republic
        
        American marines were sent in to reestablish order in 1916
        
        The military occupations that followed were unsuccessful in establishing the democratic states that were meant to be their stated goal
        
        If they disagreed, the U.S.'s lack of support caused them economic harm
        
        But only assist democratic nations that were allies of the United States