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Jimin Han
Woodrow Wilson (1913 - 1920)
He was involved with:
Mexico
A revolution occured in Mexico that resulted in the loss of Diaz's position, leading to death by execution by General Victoriano Huerta. This execution would lead Taft to see Victoriano as the leader of Mexico.
Despite that, Wilson's Moral diplomacy led Woodrow Wilson to favor Venustiano Carranza instead of Victoiano.
President Wilson sent 5,000 men of the U.S. Army under General John Pershing into Mexico to capture Villa, who had risen up to rebel against the Carranza government.
Germany
The United States declared war against Gernmany
France
Throughout Woodrow Wilson's presidency, France contributed in various World Wars and fights against Germany in order to be deemed independent from them.
Moral Diplomacy
Main goals were to:
Distribute peace within other foreign countries
Allow self-government in seperate nations
Wanted to make peace with Latin America, despite using the U.S. military against them
Sources:
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Venustiano-Carranza
https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/woodrow-wilson/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Woodrow-Wilson
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/macarthur-general-john-j-pershing/
William Howard Taft (1909 - 1912)
Dollar Diplomacy
Followed Roosevelt's foreign policy through the belief that the U.S. should attempt to dabble in foreign markets in order to increase American Prestige throughout the world
This belief fueled Taft to invest in the economies of various countries, such as China, Nicaragua, and Honduras.
In the end, the Dollar Diplomacy failed in each of these interactions with other countries, leading to doubt around the world, exposing the limits of the U.S.'s international influence and prestige towards the rest of the world.
He was involed with:
Mexico
Mexico attempted to further their relationship with Japan through the land that was provided in Magdalanna Bay, a Naval Port. However, when Taft declined, Mexico was forced to adbandon plans
China
Invested in by Taft by expanding economic opportunities through efforts of the creation of foreign markets in order to maintain a relationship with Asian countries
He attempted to help China against the conquest of Japan's military prowess in order to maintain relations but was pushed out by Russia and Japan as Taft attempted to expand his buisness
Nicaragua
Invested in by Taft, as a policy was engineered to set up Adolla Diaz to replace the current positon of Jose Santos Zelaya
However, the citizens decided to rebel against this decision, fighting to overcome the ruling of Adolla Diaz's position due to his preference toward the American Government.
Although they attempted to rebel against Adolla Diaz, Taft made efforts to send marines in order to stop the operation altogether. This successfuly began to abolish the movement.
Honduras
Invested in by Taft
Sources:
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1899-1913/dollar-diplo#:~:text=Knox%20followed%20a%20foreign%20policy,best%20promote%20American%20commercial%20interests
.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Dollar-Diplomacy
https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/warships-nicaragua/
https://millercenter.org/president/taft/foreign-affairs
William McKinley (1896 - 1901)
Involved With:
China
Spain
Led to the Spanish-American War due to major events, such as:
Unresolved conflicts with Cuba due to Cuba's battle for independence from Spain
Sunk an American Warship
Influence of Yellow Journalism
Cuba
Involved with Treaty of Paris: and the U.S earned ownership
Guam
Involved with Treaty of Paris: and the U.S earned ownership
Puerto Rico
Involved with Treaty of Paris: and the U.S earned ownership
Philippines
Involved with the Treaty of Paris: the U.S. earned ownership after being bought for $20 million. However, they rebelled against the U.S., leading to a dangerous event that involved warfare against America.
Led to Open Door Policy
The Open Door Policy's main goal was to introduce new American markets throughout other countries. China was one of the main countries that the U.S wanted to make an aliance with.
Sources:
https://www.britannica.com/event/Open-Door-policy
https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/open-door-policy
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1866-1898/spanish-american-war
https://www.britannica.com/event/Spanish-American-War
Theodore Roosevelt (1901 - 1908)
Big Stick Ideology
Roosevelt Corollary
Altered the contents within the Monroe Doctrine in order to expand economic influence; using the police force to prevent Europe when facing Latin
Latin America reacted by:
Resenting America due to their restrictive actions
Was offended that they were seen as incapable in Roosevelt's eyes
Managed to create a passage from the Carribean to the Pacific Ocean in an attempt to increase security and improve trade markets throughout this route
Involved with:
Europe
Held conflict with Latin America
Japan
Fought against Russia, but was stopped by Roosevelt to sign a peace treaty.
However, this caused Japan to suffer segregation from other groups, causing Japan to be conflicted by fighting for immigrant citizens. However, Roosevelt was able to solve this issue by declaring the Gentlemen's Agreement.
Sources:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/gentlemansagreement.asp#:~:text=Gentlemen's%20agreements%20are%20informal%2C%20unwritten,involved%20and%20their%20social%20networks
.
https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/gentlemens-agreement
https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/monroe-doctrine
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1801-1829/monroe
Japan