Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Classification of Carbohydrates - Coggle Diagram
Classification of Carbohydrates
According to physical characters
Sugar
Sweet
Crystalline
Soluble in water
Low molecular weight
Eg. Glucose, fructose, sucrose
Non- sugar
Non- sweet
Amorphous
Insoluble in water
High molecular weight
Eg. Starch, cellulose, dextrins
According to reducing properties
Reducing
Have ability to reduce other compounds
Have free anomeric OH groups
All monosaccharides & some oligosaccharides
Non- Reducing
Don’t have the ability to reduce other compounds
Have bonded anomeric OH groups
Some oligosaccharides & all polysaccharides
According to number of sugar units
Monosaccharides
One sugar unit
Eg. Glucose, Fructose, Ribose, Galactose
Classified according to number of carbon atoms
Triose
Glyceraldehyde
Tetrose
Erythrose
Threose
Pentose
Xylose
Arabinose
Hexose
Glucose
Mannose
Fructose
Heptose
Heptulose
Classified according to functional group
Aldose
Glucose
Ketose
Fructose
Oligosaccharides
2-10 sugar units
Eg. Sucrose, lactose, Maltose
Disaccharide
Reducing: Maltose, Lactose
Non- reducing: Sucrose
Trisaccharide
Raffinose
Tetrasaccharide
Stachyose
Polysaccharides
More than 10 sugar units
Eg. Starch & Pectin
Homopolysaccharides
Polymers of a single monosaccharides
Starch
Cellulose
Dextran
Dextrins
Insulin
Heteropolysaccharides
Polymers of a different monosaccharides with sugar derivatives or other organic molecules
Gum
Mucilage
Pectin
Heparin
Chitin