Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

title - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Photography is about communication.
  - - - Asymmetrical
- - - - Exposure governs whether the photo is too dark, light or just right.
      - Good exposure essential otherwise critical picture detail lost forever
      - Underexposed; shadows black
      - Overexposed; highlights white
      - 3 elements govern exposure
      - Shutter speed
      - Aperture
      - ISO settings
      - All elements are expressed as a series of numbers, each half or double of the one before. They are called stops.
    - - Measures the sensitivity of the image sensor
      - Lowest provides best quality
      - Point and shoot Cameras and phone cameras have low ISO settings
      - In ‘Auto Mode’ where the camera selects the appropriate ISO setting for shot.
      - When to use higher settings
      - Concerts – low in light and often ‘no-flash’ zones
      - Art Galleries, Many galleries have rules against using a flash and being indoors are not well lit.
    - - Length of time the sensor is exposed to light
      - Settings expressed in fractions of a second
      - Longer shutter speeds = more lightshorter shutter speeds = less light
      - Analogue camera curtain opened for the allocated shutter speed and shut. With a digital camera the sensor turns on for the allocated shutter speed then turns off.
      - Shutter speed determines if moving object is blurred or not
    - - Determines how much light reaches the sensor
      - Does this by changing the opening of the lens
      - Range of openings set by numbers called F stops.
      - Greater diameter – lower F stop – hole larger – more light – greater exposure
      - Small diameter – higher F stop –
        hole smaller – less light – less exposure
      - Aperture settings determine Depth of Field. (how much of the scene is in focus)
    - - Exposure setting rule
      - If one element is altered, one of the other settings must also change if the same exposure is to be retained.
      - Exposure example: 1/125 secs at f5.6 (ISO 200)
      - If the f-stop changes to f8 what would the other stops be?
      - (Remember stops use a half or doubling sequence. Take a stop, Give a stop..)
    - - Focus is the sharpness of an image or object in an image
      - Nearly all cameras have autofocus and multiple focusing areas distributed across viewfinder.
      - Setting auto focus
      - Half press on the shutter button activates the focus and sets it.
      - Change focus area by toggling at half press.
      - Full press, without releasing button, takes shot.
      - Unable to get camera to focus on right object. Set focus on another object in image with half press of shutter button then move the camera and reposition focus area on object.
    - - Lowering aperture F-stop to f2.8 to f5.6
      - Long Focal length.
      - Close distance to object.
      - Point and shoot cameras and phone cameras generally have large DOF but shallow DOF can be achieved using 3 techniques
      - Photos with only one area or object sharp and background blurred have shallow depth of field
      - Images that display sharpness from foreground to background are said to have large depth of fields
      - Another factor that determines sharpness in image is Depth of Field
  - - - f/3.7
        
        1/200
        
        iso-200
    - - 3.7
      - 1/500
      - iso-400