Insight

Augustine

Optimistic vs pessimistic

Influences

Pelagius

Human nature is damaged by the faith, it is sinful​

People cant have a flawed nature as God asks/requires people to be holy​

The Manichees

Pessemistic

People are incapable of avoiding sin and will tends to move away from goodness​

Adams sin affects all people​
The fall resulted in guilt

Death is a consequence/punishment for sin and all suffering is deserved​
Even infant death

People can't do good deeds unless by God's grace​

Salvation is the free and unmerited gift of God​

Jesus is the expression of God's grace​

It is theoretically possible to be good, sin can only be sin if its chosen​

We become sinners if we choose to be, we are created in the same state as Adam​

Death is a biological necessity not punishment​

Humans will choose God using free will​

Good people existed in the old testament before Jesus brought salvation​

Would be unjust for God to condemn something we can't help​

Form of dualism​

'appetite of the body'​

Reason =wisdom and judgement ​

Neoplationism

​

Philosopher Plotinus​

Ashamed of human form​

Impermanent physical body, permanent world of forms ​

Form of good -> self-reflection​

Augustine: evil not a substance turning from good

Optimistic

Gods grace is given undeservingly to humanity ​

Were tainted from the moment of birth as we are always changing + original sin​

Little opportunity to escape/develop our fallen state ​

Where there is opportunity its to pursue earthly peace and lust​

Concupiscence is an extremely strong force we cant escape from​

Hell is destined from birth ​


Election + predestination

We are not truly free beings

Jesus redeemed humanity when he died on the cross​

Baptism keeps the wound of original sin closed ​

Faith points people in the direction of summom bunom​