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anion analysis - Coggle Diagram

- - - - odourless
        
        blue litmus turns red
        
        turns limewater milky
        
        co2 identified
        
        carbonate -> co3 2-
      - choking odour of burnt matches
        
        blue litmus turns red
        
        orange/ yellow potassium dichromate paper turns green
        
        turns limewater milky
        
        so2 identified
        
        sulfite -> so3 2-
    - - pungent smell
        
        blue litmus turns red
        
        acidified orange/red k2cr2o7 turns green
  - - - dense white ppt
        
        excess ammonia
        
        ppt dissolves - clear colourless solution
        
        chloride -> Cl-
      - pale yellow ppt
        
        excess ammonia
        
        partially dissolves - clear colourless solution
        
        bromide -> Br-
      - yellow ppt
        
        excess ammonia
        
        insoluble
        
        iodide -> I-
    - - boil for a minute + few drops aq barium chloride
        
        dense white ppt
        
        sulphate -> so4 2-
    - - no ppt/colour change, but pungent colourless gas froths
        
        red litmus turns blue
        
        expose ammonia gas to hcl on glass rod
        
        dense white fumes
        
        so ammonia gas
        
        nitrate -> no3-
      - nitrite -> no2-