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MP 2: Teacher Student Sexual Misconduct, “Oversight Failures Allow…

- - - - Shakeshaft, Charol. “Know the Warning Signs of Educator Sexual Misconduct.” Phi Delta Kappan, vol. 94, no. 5, Feb. 2013, pp. 8–13. EBSCOhost, https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171309400503.
        
        Direct Quotes
        
        "Educators can prevent much of the sexual misconduct in schools if they know how to recognize and respond to suspicious patterns" (Shakeshaft).
        
        "Administrators should enforce an environment of high expectations for behavior" (Shakeshaft).
        
        "All educators and school staff should be responsible for teacher sexual misconduct in schools by recognizing and reporting issues" (Shakeshaft).
        
        Defense of Credibility
        
        This article is credible and reliable. Charol Shakeshaft, a professor of educational leadership at Virginia Commonwealth University, is a professional and educated to speak on this topic. Furthermore, this article was professionally written for educational purposes and is peer reviewed.
        
        Arguments/ Specific Points
        
        Not enough is being done and more should be done to stop teacher student sexual misconduct.
        
        Administration needs to do their part enforcing rules, but it is also important all school staff step in
        
        Policy is there it just needs to be put in pratice
        
        Main Points
        
        More measures should be taken to stop sexual misconduct in schools
        
        There needs to be stricter administration
        
        Suspicious pattern and behaviors need to be recognized and investigated
      - Fromuth, Mary Ellen, and Aimee R. Holt. “Perception of Teacher Sexual Misconduct by Age of Student.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, vol. 17, no. 2, 2008, pp. 163–79. EBSCOhost, https://doi.org/10.1080/10538710801916663.
        
        Direct Quotes / Paraphrases
        
        "These findings illustrate the importance of educating students and school personnel about teacher sexual misconduct" (Fromuth 6).
        
        "Experiences involving the youngest student were viewed as the most abusive, followed by the 12-year-old, and the 15-year-old" (Fromuth 4).
        
        "Scenarios involving a male teacher/female student were viewed more negatively than a female teacher/male student dyad" (Fromuth 6).
        
        Defense of Credibility
        
        Pass or Fail: This passes the CRAAP test. It is credible and relates well to my topic.
        
        Purpose: The purpose of this article is to show the importance of educating students and school personnel about teacher sexual misconduct. This article also is meant to educate others about how biases can change how we see teacher student sexual misconduct.
        
        Accuracy: This information comes from research and scientific studies. It also it written for a those in school to educate them.
        
        Authority: This was written by Mary Ellen Fromuth and Aimee Holt. This was also by Middle Tennessee State University.
        
        Relevance: This relates to teacher student sexual misconduct by talking about a study analyzing how student age and gender cases teacher sexual misconduct to be viewed differently. The article revealed woman saw teacher sexual misconduct more negatively and male teacher with female student cases were viewed as worse than female teacher and male student cases. I plan to use this information to show the tendency of student teacher sexual misconduct and how power plays into this dynamic.
        
        Currency: This article was written on August 5, 2007. It was updated on October 8, 2008.
        
        Arguments / Specific Points
        
        We need to be aware of how things can sway or change our understanding of teacher sexual misconduct
        
        Factors unfairly change the way we think of sexual misconduct
        
        Main Ideas
        
        It is important to educate students, parents, and teachers about sexual misconduct
        
        Age affects the way teacher sexual misconduct is view
        
        Gender affects the way teacher sexual misconduct is viewed
    - - Main Ideas
        
        Teacher grooming patterns and trends
        
        How female teacher sexual misconduct is viewed/seen
        
        Possible solutions to help keep students safe from sexual misconduct
        
        Arguments / Specific Points
        
        Female teachers are less likely to be seen as committing teachers sexual misconduct
        
        Certain types of students are normally targeted
        
        We should be taught to look out for grooming patterns
        
        school districts turn away from reporting cases sometimes because they don't want law suits
        
        Defense of Credibility
        
        Currency: This article is current and recent. It was published online on July 28, 2010. It was received on September 24, 2007.
        
        Relevance: This answers my relates to my topic of teacher student misconduct because it talks about patterns, trends, and statistics about this. The text talks about how society is biased on their perception of sexual misconduct when it comes to gender. Female teachers displaying the same grooming patterns and warning signs as their male counterparts are less likely to be viewed as committing sexual misconduct. This information can be used to help to answer the questions: What patterns and trends do we see when it comes to teacher student sexual misconduct? and What are some possible solutions to help keep students safe from sexual misconduct? Using this information, I can give a better explanation of the issue and show ways to prevent this issue from reoccurring.
        
        Authority: This journal was written by James Knoll. Knoll has been an associate professor and director of forensic psychiatry at the State University of New York and Upstate Medical University. Along with this he was also the forensic fellowship director at the Central New York Psychiatric Center.
        
        Accuracy: This is a scholarly article that has been peer reviewed. On top of this the studies seem fair and consider potential flaws in the research or things that were not accounted for.
        
        Purpose: To address teacher student sexual misconduct. Also, this is to educate about prevention strategies.
        
        Pass or Fail: This passes because it is credible. It also does a great job of connecting to my topic.
        
        Direct Quotes/ Paraphrases
        
        1.
        
        "Victim selection in educator sexual abuse is influenced by the compliance of the student and the likelihood of secrecy. Offenders tend to target students who they can control" (Knoll 375).
        
        2.
        
        "District and individual school policies should explicitly define and prohibit educator sexual misconduct. Regular training and in-service programs should be established to educate staff, parents, and students about behaviors that are unacceptable as well as potential signs of educator sexual misconduct" (Knoll 382).
        
        3.
        
        "For example, it has been reported that the female offender’s actions are commonly described as a well-meaning, harmless initiation into sexuality" (Knoll 372).
        
        CONNECTION Prevention and solutions
  - - - Defense of Credibility
        
        Currency: This article was published in 2009. It was revised about 2017.
        
        Relevance: This article connects to teacher student sexual misconduct because it talks about how ethical boundaries between teachers and students in schools have not been defined. And because of this there has been institutional silence that has not worked to protect victims, communities, and society. In this article there was a study of teacher sexual misconduct. The study shows the need for teaching practice that is ethically, morally, and legally responsible. This study concluded the policies in school were ineffective. Based off the study the article also makes recommendations for teacher education programs, schools and districts, and policy makers to make a safer and more appropriate class environment. I plan to use the flaw of this argument to so how so many sexual misconduct cases are not being taken care of in school and use the article to discuss possible ways to prevent the recurrence of teacher sexual misconduct in schools.
        
        Authority: The writer of this article is Troy Hutchings. This article is also through the
        
        Accuracy: This is a scholarly and educational article. It is also peer reviewed.
        
        Purpose: The purpose is to show the need for teaching that is ethical. This also provides recommendations to follow to make teaching more ethical.
        
        Pass or Fail: This passes because it is scholarly, educational, and unbiased.
        
        Direct Qoutes/ Paraphrases
        
        2."Offenders are primarily boundary violators, and like most teachers, have little knowledge of professional codes of conduct and laws that govern professional behavior" (Hutchings iii).
        
        "Teacher sexual misconduct with students clearly violates the fiduciary relationship that exists in the K-12th grade schooling environment. Where the profession and teacher preparation programs fail is in implicitly defining the responsibilities and boundaries associated with this sacrosanct fiduciary relationship" (Hutchings iii).
        
        "This study of teacher sexual misconduct illuminated the need for a teaching practice that is ethically, morally, and legally responsible" (Hutchings ii).
        
        Main Ideas
        
        Teacher sexual misconduct hasn't been studied enough and there needs to be more prevention strategies put in place
        
        2.There is need for more ethical teaching practices
        
        Arguments / Specific points
        
        There is not enough being done to stop teacher sexual misconduct
        
        More ethical teaching practices with boundaries are needed
        
        Codes of conduct need to be better defines and communicated
- - - - Sexual Misconduct is not taken seriously in schools
      - This needs to start being reported
    - - This article is credible because it is put out by the Innocent Lives Foundation in order to create awareness and is written by professionals
    - - Children cannot give consent
      - Grooming Patterns
      - Often occurs
      - Report
    - - "In 2004, the U.S. Department of Education released a report that looked at sexual misconduct in the classroom. The report concluded that roughly 10 percent of students experience sexual misconduct by a teacher at some time during their K-12 school experience." (The Innocent Lives Foundation)
      - "Grooming occurs when the abuser targets the child, gains the child’s trust, fills a need in the child’s life, isolates the child, sexualizes the relationship, and maintains control." (The Innocent Lives Foundation)
      - "Girls are four times as likely to be victims of sexual abuse as boys. However, since our culture has glamorized a sexual teacher-student relationship, male victims generally do not receive the same consideration or societal allowance that female victims of sexual misconduct by an educator receive. Sometimes male victims do not get to be victims, and instead, they can be blamed for the abuse or have their victimization brushed off." (The Innocent Lives Foundation)
  - - - Title X has changed since originally under the Obama admiration
      - Some of the Title XI is very helpful but there is more that needs improved
      - There are ways which Title XI needs to be reformed
    - - This article passes the credibility test. It was created through the Brown Center of Education Policy. The purpose of the article is simply to educate and to analyze Title XI.
    - - "Other sections spelled out the “preventive measures” that schools were expected to institute. These include extensive training for employees and students, and regular “climate checks” to determine if these preventative measures have been effective" (Shep).
      - "To address the possibility that schools would take a “hear no evil, see no evil” approach to the problem, the new rules require them to establish a clear, well-publicized, and easy-to-use reporting system. As noted above, at the ESE level, all employees are “mandatory reporters,” which means that they must report all instances of misconduct that they have witnessed or heard about to the person responsible for investigating such allegations" (Shep).
      - 3."The new regulations also require that all school rules governing sexual harassment proceedings and all the training provided by the Title IX coordinate be “gender neutral,” free of any “sex bias” or “sex stereotyping.”"(Shep).
    - - What is Title XI
      - Required reporting
      - Prevention Strategies in place and their effectiveness
  - - - "It's a silent crisis, placing millions of children at risk" (CBS, 0:53)
      - "Teachers are sexually abusing students' nationwide. They cover up for each other" (CBS, 00:36).
      - "This is a phenomenon of child abuse that we allow to happen under our noses" (CBS, 00:59).
    - - This is actually a big issue
      - Things are not handled properly and are hidden intentionally
      - There needs to be reform, change, and light on this issue.
    - - This is a credible source for this paper. CBS does lean left slightly but this is not really a political issue and the purpose is to create awareness that this occurs more often than people think and to bring light and truth. Also CBS are a well know trustable source that provides facts.
    - - CBS investigated cases of teacher student sexual misconduct and reports
      - one of their cases was actually at my high school
      - things are swept under the rug and silenced
      - many cases are not reported
      - Big, national issue that needs awareness
      - Because of lack of reporting not sure how big of a issue this is really truly is