Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Unit 4: Eukaryotic Pathogens - Coggle Diagram
Unit 4: Eukaryotic Pathogens
Fungi (eukaryotes)
Opportunistic pathogens
Cause disease in immunocompromised individuals
Primary pathogens
Can cause disease in otherwise healthy individuals
Eukaryotic cell
Bigger
Have a nuclear membrane and membrane-bound organelles
Prokaryotic cell
Peptidoglycan present
Survive in all environments
Cell wall contains chitin
Cell membranes are composed of ergosterol
Fungal disease
Allergic or asthmatic reaction
Mycosis - fungus grown on or in the human body
The fungus produces a toxin that causes illness after ingestion
Examples
Crytococcal Meningoencephalitis
Cryptococcus neoformans
Opportunistic pathogen
Cryptococcus gattii
Inhalation of spores
First indication of AIDS
Candida albincans
Switches between yeast and filamentous forms
Histoplasma capsulatum - Histoplasmosis
Similar symptoms to tuberculosis
Pneumocystis jiroveci - Pneumocystis pneumonia
Grow in alveoli
Protozoa
Characteristics
Single-celled eukaryotes
No cell wall
Ingest compounds from the environment
Exist in multiple forms
Human disease
Support other pathogens
Cause disease on their own
Acanthamoeba
Contact lenses
Naegleria fowleri
Brain eating amoeba
Neti pots
Cryptosporidium
Can exist as oocysts, resistant to chloride etc
Infects the intestinal epithelium and causes severe diarrhea
Toxoplasmosis
Oocytes in cat feces
Uncooked meat that has been contaminated
Helminths
Nematodes (roundworms)
Ascaris
Eggs from contaminated soil
Cestodes (tapeworms)
Raw or uncooked meat
No digestive system of their own
Trematodes (flukes, flatworms)
Suck fluids from their host with suckers
Poor sanitation, infects through the skin
Ingestion
From soil through the skin
Insect bites