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C10. Organic chemistry - Coggle Diagram
C10. Organic chemistry
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Alcohols
Uses
Commonly used in everyday products. Ethanol is the main alcohol in alcoholic drinks. As they mix very well with water and make neutral solutions, they are very useful as solvents. they are also in products such as perfumes, aftershaves and mouthwashes. Can be used as a biofuel.
Reactions
Combustion
The use of methanol and also ethanol as fuels show that alcohols are flammable. They can be used as a biofuel in cars; it burns with a clean blue flame: ethanol + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water
Reaction with sodium
Alcohols react in a similar way to water when sodium is added. For example, with ethanol, the sodium gives off bubbles of gas producing hydrogen. Sodium + ethanol --> sodium ethoxide + hydrogen. It makes a strongly alkaline solution.
Oxidation
Combustion is one way to oxidise alcohol. An alcohol is oxidised to a carboxylic acid when boiled with acidified potassium dichromate solution. Ethanol + oxygen atoms from oxidising agent --> ethanoic acid + water.
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Functional group
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They form a homologous series with the first three elements being methanol, ethanol and propanol.
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