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cells part 1, Movement of substances, mitochondria-turn glucose and oxygen…

- - - - bacteria
        
        They are single organisms. They are very small. They have a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmoid ( small rings of DNA) They don't have nucleus. They carry out Photosynthesis
        
        Parts of a bacteria
        
        plasimoid
        
        Contains the DNA of the bacteria
        
        ribosomes
        
        Cellular machine used to make proteins
    - - single celled organisms
      - No nucleus but contain circular DNA
      - Some bacteria produce food through photosynthesis
      - Some bacteria feed from dead organisms
  - - - plant cells
        
        features
        
        feed through photosynthesis
        
        store carbohydrates as starch
        
        Multicelular structures
        
        don't have nervous coordination
        
        Contain a nucleus
        
        Cell walls made of cellulose
      - fungi
        
        features
        
        cell walls made of chitin
        
        Don't have chloroplast to carry out photosynthesis
        
        normally multicellular but can be unicellular
        
        Multicellular fungi are mainly made up of thread-like structures known as hyphae that contain many nuclei and are organised into a network known as a mycelium
        
        https://cdn.savemyexams.com/cdn-cgi/image/w=1920,f=auto/uploads/2021/03/Fungi-Structure.png
        
        Feed by releasing enzymes onto the food and then absorbing and digesting the food
        
        Don't have nervous coordination
        
        Cell wall made out of chitin
        
        Contains mcillium
      - animal cells
        
        Features
        
        normally have nervous coordination
        
        able to move from place to place
        
        often store carbohydrates as glycogen
        
        feed on organic substances
        
        Multicellular organisms
      - protoctist
        
        They are single caled organisms. Some like amoeba live in ponds of water. They have chlorella, chloroplast and are more like plants. Most of them are harmless but some may harm as Plasmodium causing malaria. They have a flangellum( tail) to swim
        
        features
        
        divers group of organism that don't belong iany other group
        
        Mainly single celled organisms
        
        In this group the structure of the cell varies and they can be more like animal or plant cells
        
        Some protoctist make food through digestion and others feed on organic substances
        
        No nervous cordination
  - - - fungi
        
        common in plants and animals and are much more severe as they can affect the entire organism
        
        An example of a fungal disease would be black sigatoka or cordiceps
      - protoctists
        
        Plasmodium falciparum is a protoctist that causes severe forms of malaria in humans
      - bacteria
        
        Pathogenic bacteria do not always infect the hosts of cells, they can remain within body cavities or spaces
        
        an example of a bacterial desease is tuberculosis
      - VIruses
- - - - shrinks
        
        .
        
        animal cell
        
        plant cell
        
        hypotonic
        
        The cell becomes turgid
        
        The water flows inside the vacuole.The vacuole expands pulling the cytoplasm away from the cell wall.
        
        1 more item...
        
        provide structural suport
        
        cell swells
        
        hypertonic
        
        The cell becomes Plasmolyzed
        
        Water flows outside the vacuole. The vacuole shrinks pushing the cytoplasm out against the cell wall
        
        1 more item...
        
        cell shrivels
        
        isotonic
        
        the cell becomes flaccid
  - - - bursts
- - - - Unicellular
        
        Only contain 1 cell
      - Multicellular
        
        Contain multiple cells
        
        In multicellular organisms cells are specialised for a specific function
        
        A group of specialised cells form tissues
        
        The tissues form organs
        
        The organs form an organ system
  - - - A group of cells of similar structure working together to perform a particular function
    - - Made of a group of different tissues working together to perform a particular function
    - - Basic functional and structural units in a living organism
    - - Made of a group of organs with related functions, working together to perform body functions within the organism
    - - A component withina cell that carries out a specific task
- - - - This happens because the cell membrane is semi permeable which means they allow some molecules to pass, but not others
    - - gaining nutrients from the digestive system
      - Gain oxygen in the lungs
      - remove waste from lungs and kidneys