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Environmental factors of communication, Biological factors of…
Environmental factors of communication
Stimulation
If children get asked questions, they are given the opportunity to respond, meaning they can build on their communication skills
Encourages the emergence of verbal language by giving them the opportunity to talk and express their views (2)
Bilingualism/ EAL
If a child has already learnt a language, the skills are there to learn another
Children who can speak a wide range of languages have the ability to communicate with a wider range of people
Learn additional skills such as actively listening and exploring their environment
Parental engagement
Giving the opportunity to hear new vocabulary being used
Parents are able to model communication skills which the children can pick up on
Opportunities for discussion where children can practise their communication skills
Examples include: Paying attention, watching your tone of voice and respecting your child's feelings
If a parent engages with their child through communication, the child will gain a feeling of being heard, so they will be more likely to communicate again in the future
Language rich environment
An access to books can introduce children to new words where they can hear them being read and see them being written
If a child is being spoken to lots, they will be hearing a range of vocabulary which they can use in their conversations
Examples of a language rich environment include: Singing songs, conversation, dual coded posters and books (1)
Social opportunities
Children are able to practise communication skills with others
Through social opportunities children can pick up on how other communicate/ speak and use these techniques when they communicate
Social opportunities can help children to communicate more effectively and efficiently (3)
Socioeconomic opportunities
Children with a nuclear family/ 2 parents will have more opportunities to communicate as there will be 2 people who they can talk to if one of busy for example
If parents struggle to communicate themselves, if might be harder for their children to learn
For some parents/ carers money might be an issue. This could mean they can't afford additional resources to help their child's communication and speech
Biological factors of communication
Health
If a child has a stutter, others might not give them the time they need to speak, causing the child to refrain from talking
Things such as Glue ear can make it difficult for a child to hear sounds and words, if this is left untreated it could lead to difficulty in moving conversations along
Children who may spend a lot of time in hospital might be missing out of conversation with children their age
SEND
Children who are deaf might have difficulty in understanding language and talking, this could be due to the area of the brain used for communication not developing properly (5)
Children with SEND might need additional resources to help them communicate which might be hard to get access to
Some children might have difficulty in understanding and using verbal and non verbal communication (4)
Personality
Children who are shy are more likely going to avoid conversations where they can, meaning they will be missing out on communication through speech
If children are more hesitant to make mistakes, they will be more likely to not try things in the first place, such as talking to new people.
Some children are naturally more confident, so they are more likely to communicate and talk to a range of people
If a child has a high level of motivation, they are more willing to try new things, this could include things such as talking to new and different people