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บทที่ 7 Infectious diseases - Coggle Diagram
บทที่ 7
Infectious diseases
Factors
Organism
Parasite/pathogen
Human
Host
Method of spread
Transmission
Parasite factors
Avoid host control and allow growth
Make products that damage host cells
Cause host to damage itself as a result of responding to infection
adhesion
Microbes gain a stable foothold at the portal of entry, dependent on binding between specific molecules on host and pathogen.
Fimbriae
Flagella
Adhesive slimes or capsules
Cilia
Suckers
Hooks
surviving host defences
Antiphagocytic factors: used to avoid phagocytosis
Leukocidins: Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp, toxic to white blood cells.
Slime layer or capsule: makes phagocytosis difficult
Ability to survive intracellular phagocytosis
others
True vs opportunistic pathogens
TRUE PATHOGENS
Capable of causing disease in healthypersons with normal immune defenses
Influenza virus, plague bacillus,
malarial protozoan
OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS
Cause disease when the host's defences are compromised or when they grow in part of the body that is not natural to them
Pseudomonas spp & Candida albicans
Host factors
Barrier to infection
Intact skin and mucous membranes
Secretions
Response to infection
Innate immunity
Adaptive immunity