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CLIMATOLOGY - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Since all the climatic accidents/phenomena like cloud formation, rainfall, thunderstorm, cyclone, lightening etc... takes place only in this zone
      - Why cloud formation takes place here
        
        Because of the presence of dust particle
    - - As we increase the height of atmosphere the temperature decreases
      - It is Known as
        NORMAL LAPSE RATE
        
        It is the rate of decline of temperature if we move from earths surface to atmosphere
        
        Average rate of decline is
        6.5 degree Celsius per 1000 meter
    - - At equator 12 - 16 kms
      - At poles 8 - 12 kms
    - - Zone/Boundary separating the troposphere from stratosphere is known as the tropopause
      - After reaching a height of 10 km, i.e., near to of troposphere the rate of decline of temperature suddenly stops
      - Here the presence of fast moving wings such as JET STREAMS/TURBULANCE CLOUD
  - - - Temperature increases with increase in height/altitude
        
        This phenomena is known as TEMPARATURE INVERSION
      - Why Temperature Increases
        
        Absorption of UV rays
        
        UV rays are responsible for formation of OZONE Layer
        
        UV - A
        
        Highest wave length
        
        It breaks the Oxygen into
        two parts (O2 = O + O)
        
        When the broken Oxygen (O) is attached with another Oxygen (O2) creates OZONE (O3)
        
        It creates the OZONE Layer
        
        UV - B
        
        Low wave length
        
        It causes Milenoma
        
        Most Penetrating
        
        They are responsible for splitting of Ozone
        
        UV - C
    - - Extends up to a height of
        50 km
  - - - Extends up to a height of 80 km.
    - - Due to presence of gases in the Ionic form
    - - A kind of Polar lights only visible in the polar atmosphere/polar region
      - When Sun's magnetic particles try to enter in the earths atmosphere and interact with the earths magnetic field a huge lighting is caused
      - NOTE: Recently people have witnessed the phenomena of Aurora Borealis in the Ladakh region
      - 2 Types
        
        ARORA BOREALIS: In the Northern Hemisphere
        
        ARORA AUSTRALIS: In the Southern Hemisphere
    - - Temperature starts decreasing with the increase in altitude and reaches up to minus 100°C at the height of 80 km
  - - - Due to absence of scattering activity
    - - The value is calculated at the boundary Thermosphere
      - The rate at which Sun's energy enters the outer layer of the atmosphere
        
        The rate is 1.92 kg calorie
        per square meter
        
        Since the rate is constant. It is known as Solar constant
        
        The value of Solar constant is calculated at the height of 420kms
- - - - Why Nitrogen id more in atmosphere
        
        Every Basic Support system is made up of Nitrogen
        
        Basic Constituent of human body is made up of Nitrogen
        
        To prevent the earth from spread of Fire
        
        It acts like a Fire Extinguisher
    - - Required for Human Survival
    - - Why Argon is increasing day by day
        
        Argon is produced durring the Lightening procces
    - - They Constitute less than 1% in the Atmosphere.
        They are very important for the cloud formation
      - Generally concentrated in the lower layers of the atmosphere
        
        convectional air currents
        may transport them to great heights
      - higher concentration of dust particles is found in subtropical and temperate regions
        
        due to dry winds in comparison to equatorial and polar regions
    - - A variable gas in the atmosphere, which decreases with altitude
      - It decreases from the equator
        towards the poles
      - Contributes to the stability and instability in the air
    - - Causes
        
        Burning of Fossil Fuel
        
        Deforestation
        
        Emmission
        
        Population etc.. etc..
      - Status of Carbon Dioxide
        
        1900's - 0.00001%
        
        1990's - 0.003%
        
        Present - 0.03%
        
        Future (by 2035) - 1%
      - it is transparent to the incoming solar radiation but opaque to the outgoing terrestrial radiation
- - - - Whatever received or allocated should be spend/used full in the same time period, otherwise it will lapse