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How drugs affect body systems - Coggle Diagram
How drugs affect body systems
Cardiovascular system
Angina
GTN spray
Body converts it to nitric oxide which makes blood vessels relax and widen
Arrythmias
Beta blockers
Blocks effects of adrenaline and makes the heart beat slower
Calcium channel blockers
Interrupts movement of calcium into heart and blood vessel tissue
Anticoagulants (blood thinners)
Prevents new clots from forming and prevent existing ones from getting larger
Hypertension
Beta blockers
Blocks effects of adrenaline and makes the heart beat slower
Aims of medication: prevent blood clots forming to reduce stroke risk, control heart rate, restore normal heart rhythm, treat diagnosis and reduce other risk factors
Respiratory system
Asthma
Salbutamol
Works by relaxing muscles in walls of small airways
Flixotide
Reduces the swelling and irritation in the walls of the small air passages in your lungs.
Phyllocotin
Antagonist tablets that deal with mucus issues
Digestive system
Indigestion
Antacids
Raise pH of stomach by neutralising gastric acid
Ulcers
Protein pump inhibitors
Such as Omeprazole
Reduce acid in stomach, reducing further damage to ulcer as it heals naturally
H2-receptor antagonists
Such as ranatidine
Reduce amount of acid stomach produces
Constipation
Bulk forming
Helps to retain fluid making faeces softer
Osmotic
Increases fluid
Stimulant
Makes bowels want to empty
Diarrhoea
Loperamide
Slows down muscle movements in gut so more water is absorbed from stools. This makes stools firmer and they're passed less often
Endocrine system
Hypothyroidism
Levothyroxine
Replaces thyroxine, which thyroid doesn't make enough of
Hyperthyroidism
Stop thyroid producing excess hormones by competitively inhibiting an enzyme catalysed reaction involved in production of the hormones
Diabetes
Type 1
Insulin
Type 2
Metformin
Helps body better respond to insulin. This release of glucose from liver is lessoned, reducing blood sugar.
Reduces blood sugar in 2 ways
Increasing sensitivity to insulin
Decreasing amount of glucose absorbed from food eaten