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Gentics - Coggle Diagram
Gentics
the mechanism of DNA transcription.
RNA polymerase binding to promoter DNA
unwinding it
initiating transcription with a scrunching mechanism
escaping the promoter,
elongating the RNA strand
transcription terminates, and RNA polymerase detaches
the probability of genetic disorders based on the pedigree chart.
autosomal dominant, it's like a torchbearer in the night. Affected individuals stand with a coin of fate in hand, and if they flip it, there's a 50% chance their child might catch the same fire.
autosomal recessive disorders, they're like hidden treasures. Both parents have to carry a secret map in their genes. If they both pass on their maps, there's a 25% chance the child will unearth the treasure of the disorder.
X-linked disorders, a tale woven differently depending on who carries the secret. If it's mom, her sons have a 50-50 shot, while her daughters become carriers. But if it's dad, only his daughters bear the secret as carriers.
mitochondrial disorders, passed down maternally like an ancestral legacy. They don't follow traditional paths; instead, they're like whispers in the wind, touching all of a mother's children, leaving an indelible mark.
the chromosomal examination and any indications that require chromosomal examination.
Chromosomal examination, also known as karyotyping, is a diagnostic test used to detect genetic abnormalities and disorders. It is recommended in various situations, including:
Family history of genetic disorders.
Pregnancy at an advanced maternal age.
Known genetic disorders.
Infertility or recurrent miscarriages in couples.
Diagnosis and treatment of certain cancers.
the mechanism of DNA replication.
DNA replication creates two identical copies from one original DNA molecule, a crucial process for genetic inheritance.
Initiation: Specific loci in DNA called "origins" are recognized by initiator proteins.
Elongation: As DNA synthesis progresses, the strands unwind, forming a replication fork.
Termination: In organisms like E. coli with circular chromosomes, termination occurs when the replication forks meet at the chromosomal termini.