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Language teaching approaches., By: Diana Borrero and Carlos Jaraba. -…
Language teaching
approaches.
Task based learning.
It is based on the performance of practical and meaningful tasks to promote real communication in real-world situations.
Role of the teacher.
The teacher designs practical and relevant activities.
Resources.
Practical tasks such as planning a trip, making a presentation on a specific topic.
Role of the student.
Works on tasks with specific communicative objectives.
Janes Wilis, David Nunan (1980).
Total phsysical response.
Uses physical movements and body responses to facilitate the understanding and acquisition of language.
Role of the teacher.
Uses bodily instructions to teach vocabulary and grammar.
Resources.
Games of following physical instructions, simulating real situations (ordering food in a restaurant).
Role of the student.
Responds physically to the instructions received.
James Asher (1960).
Whole language Approach.
Focuses on comprehensive language development, combining reading, writing, speaking and listening skills in an integrated way.
Role of the teacher.
The teacher encourages reading, writing, speaking, and listening in an integrated manner.
Resources.
Reading and discussion of authentic texts, writing personal stories, drama performances.
Role of the student.
Develops holistic communicative skills.
Kenneth Goodman, Frank Smith Kenneth (1980).
Audiolingual Approach.
Focuses mainly on the development of oral skills and fluency in spoken language.
Role of the teacher.
Focuses on repetition and practice of language patterns.
Resources.
Repetition of dialogues, imitation exercises and repetition of grammatical structures.
Role of the student.
Focuses on memorization and reproduction of those patterns.
Charles Fríes, Robert Lado (1950).
Oral Approach.
Focuses mainly on the development of oral skills and fluency in spoken language.
Role of the teacher.
Promotes speaking practice and fluency.
Resources.
Conversations in pairs or small groups, debates, oral presentations.
Role of the student.
Focuses on developing speaking skills.
Harold Palmer, A.S. Hornby (XX century).
Communicative language teaching.
It focuses on the development of communication skills, promoting interaction and the practical use of language in real contexts.
Role of the teacher.
Encourages interaction and authentic communication.
Resources.
Role plays, debates on current issues, problem solving in pairs or groups.
Role of the student.
Practices language skills in real situations.
Canele y Swain (1970).
Multiple Intellingences.
Howard Gardner (1980).
Each person has different types of intelligence, which manifest themselves uniquely in their learning, understanding and skills.
Role of the teacher.
Identify and adapt strategies according to students' intelligences.
Resources.
Different learning modalities, such as music, art, movement, logic-math, verbal language, among others, to address the individual strengths of each student. Summarize this as briefly as possible
Role of the student.
Explore and develop their own intelligences.
Lexical Approach.
Emphasizes the acquisition and use of vocabulary as a fundamental basis for effective communication.
Role of the teacher.
Teaches vocabulary and collocations.
Resources.
Word games, vocabulary association activities, creating sentences with new words.
Role of the student.
Focuses on the acquisition and use of colloquial words and phrases.
Michael Lewis, (1990).
By: Diana Borrero and Carlos Jaraba.