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Unit 1 Review: Biology - Coggle Diagram
Unit 1 Review: Biology
Chemistry : : :
Main parts
Atoms- The smallest unit of matter with a chemical element, protons and neutrons in the middle, electrons on the outside
Molecules- When two or more atoms combine they create a molecule, there are multiple kinds of molecules response for different elements and properties. Created by bonds-A chemical compound
Periodic Table of elements- Orginizes chemical elements in rows using atomic number, elemental symbol, element name, atomic weight
Ion- An atom or molecule with a positive or negative charge due to its loss or gain of electrons, a positive ion has more protons than electrons, a negative ion has less protons than electrons
Isotopes- When two or more of the same element contain equal numbers of protons, but different amount of neutrons in their nuclei
Carbon- Can bond with up to four other atoms, creates patterns and compounds (over ten million) making it incredibly useful in chemistry, In almost all organisms, 4th most abundant element in the world, Has four electrons in its outer shell, makes covalent bonds.
Water
Polarity, Polar Vs. Non-Polar- Polar means oppositely charged, non-polar means equally charged. Like Likes Like, polar dissolves polar, non polar dissolves non polar, but they don't dissolve one another
Hydrophilic vs. Hydrophobic- Hydrophobic molecules/atoms are afraid of waters and don't mix with water, like oils and fats. Hydrophilic molecules/atoms mix with water and can dissolve in water, like salt.
A universal Solvent?- Water is considered the universal solvent because it can dissolve more substances than any other liquid
Bonds
Covalent Bond- A covalent bond is the strongest form of bond in chemistry, and happens when two atoms are sharing an electron.
Ionic Bond- an ionic bond is slightly weaker than a covalent bond but still strong. They appear when an electron is receiving or giving away an electron to become stable.
Hydrogen Bond- A bond in chemistry very important for life, Responsible for properties of water, and occurs with a slightly + hydrogen molecule and a slightly - atom in another or the same molecule
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