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Violence - Coggle Diagram
Violence
Why violence?
The enduring questions surrounding violence and its nature within human history and contemporary society.
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Major events like the Gulf War, Bosnian War, and the 9/11 attacks shattered hopes for sustainable peace.
The 9/11 attacks marked a turning point for the United States, as violence became a catalyst for a new war on terror and a reevaluation of civil liberties.
The end of the Cold War did not bring about a safer world, as violence became a prevalent feature of the post-Cold War era.
The experiences of violence in different contexts, such as India and Rwanda, shape understanding and perceptions of violence.
The Shah Bano case in India exposed the dynamics of violence within religious and societal contexts, with implications that went beyond its initial scope
Structural violence persists, perpetuated by surveillance instruments of political groups and security forces.
A major goal of On Violence is to note both the achievements and the limits of Western European and, more recently, North American theories of violence. (Pg.8)
Theory
The Role of theory
Violence is initially experienced as unique, but with time and repetition, it becomes routine and normalized.
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The role of individuals in violence, but the authors challenge the notion that violence is intrinsic to human nature or social structures.
Violence exists as another form of structure, embedded within processes and practices, rather than being external to structures.
The question of theory
The significance of certain historical moments, such as colonialism in Algeria and the experiences of Frantz Fanon and Pierre Bourdieu, in shaping theories of violence.
The role of rhetoric in shaping perceptions of violence is explored, with both the Left and the Right utilizing violence as a means to advance their agendas.
Cultural anthropologists are criticized for tracing violence to primitive or non-Western sources, neglecting the examination of modern structures of domination and systemic violence.
The authors express a desire to make the critique of Enlightenment assumptions more accessible to a wider audience.
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Overall goals
Violence as a process is often internalized and may not be recorded, but its transparency and instrumental function must be recognized.
Acknowledge the theoretical complexities of violence and challenge the reification and essentialization of its origins and functions
Violence should be viewed as a process rather than a singular event, as it is cumulative, boundless, and creates new norms of self-understanding.
Rhetorical violence, rooted in the assumption of European superiority, must be confronted and challenged.
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