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Transport in mammals - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Transport oxygen
  - - - White blood cells are part of the body’s immune system, defending against infection by pathogenic microorganisms
      - two main types
        
        phagocytes
        
        Carry out phagocytosis by engulfing and digesting pathogens.
        
        lymphocytes
        
        Produce antibodies to destroy pathogenic cells and antitoxins to neutralise toxins released by pathogens.
  - - - Transports nutrients
      - Transports hormones
      - Transports CO2
      - Transports antibodies
      - Liquid meduim in which cells and platelets can float
  - - - Blood clotting
- - - - Have walls that are one cell thick
        
        so that substances can easily diffuse in and out of them
      - Very small lumen
  - - - Have a large lumen
        
        Have a large lumen as blood pressure is low
      - Contain valves
        
        to prevent the backflow of blood as it is under low pressure
      - Thin layer of muscle and elastic fibres
        
        Hardly any pressure
  - - - Have a narrow lumen
        
        to maintain high pressure
      - Speed of flow is fast
      - Have thick muscular walls containing elastic fibres
        
        to withstand the high pressure of blood and maintain the blood pressure as it recoils after the blood has passed through.
- - - - The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body
    - - The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs .
- - - - Left atrium
      - Right ventricle
      - Right atrium
      - Left ventricle
    - - Transports the deoxgenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
    - - Transports blood throught the body
    - - transports blood the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
    - - Inferior
        
        transports the deoxygenated blood from the entire body to the heart.
      - Superior
        
        Deoxygenated blood from the head
    - - The septum separates the two sides of the heart and so prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
    - - Mitral valve
        
        The valve on the left side.
      - Aortic valve
      - Tricuspid valve
        
        The valve on the right side of the heart.
      - Pulmonary valve
      - Prevent back flow
  - - - How it happens
        
        As you eat high in cholestrol foods gradually fatty deposite called
        'plaque starts to accumalate in the lining of the coronary artery. More and more plaque accumaltes and eventually blocks the artery, this restricts the oxygen to reach to the heart muscle.
      - Risk Factors for CHD
        
        Stress
        
        Genes
        
        Poor diet
        
        Smoking
        
        Obesity
      - Coranary artery
        
        The coranary arteries supply oxygen and other nutrients to the cardiac muscle.