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The Scientific Revolution Technological Advances - Coggle Diagram
The Scientific Revolution Technological Advances
The scienttific revolution
In the 16 century Nicolas Copernicus fromulated the heliocentric theory
most of scientists follow this theories
then in the 17 century scientists foundated the scientific method
a method based on observation and experimentation
2 philosophical currents
empiricism
Francis Bacon was its main representative
claimed that we should not accept reasoning
rationalism
Rene descartes was its main representative
stated that the truths established by autority and tradition should be criticised
Characteristics of the enlightenment
is a new intellectual movement appeared among 18th century
enlightenement
was a european phenomenon with france as its main epicentre
thinkers were noblemen, burgeoise and clergymen
it was an optimistic intellectual movement
3 different ideas were:
progress
happiness
reason
the spread of enlightenment ideas
the new enlightenment ideas were spread by the encyclopedie
publicated between 1751 and 1772
and edited by diderot and D´alembert
the ideas were formerly spread between churches families and guilds
reading societies
were also established
the number of tiltes published increased from 21000 to 65000 in 80 years
academies
where lectures, scientific and literary were given
the monarchs therefore created important academies such as:
academies of science (Paris)
academies of science (Russia)
academies of science of berlin (Prussia)
absolutism and parlamaentarism
absolute monarchies
were legitismised by an ideology that suppported the superority of the king's power over all others
characteristics include:
and administrative decisions
growing centralisation
parliamentary monarchies
developed istitutional and legal systems
england was theh main example
they created the bill of rights
which limited the monarchs power and recognised the rights of the individual
parliamentary republican political systems
remained in place in some parts of europe
the exception was the united provinces
which formed own colonian empire
Political reforms
spanic bourbons imposed a model of absolute monarchy inspired by the french system
councils were replaced by cabinets
there were formed by
ministers
secretarios de despacho
who were responsible for the main matters of goverment
and treasury
the state
the navy
in therms of territory
they replaced institusions such as argonense institution
navarra and basque provinces remained
regalistic policies
were carried out in the churcr
the war of succesison and its consequences
there were two pretenders to claim the throne
carlos of habsburg
archduke of austria
felipe of bourbon
grandson of Louis XIV of france
several kingdoms withing the hague alliance
causeing a war in 1701
meanwhile a hispanic civil war broke out in 1705
european war ended with
the peace of utrech in 1713