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chapter 7 - Coggle Diagram
chapter 7
section 1
Theodor Schwann, declared that animal tissues were made up of cells.
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Matthias Schleiden studied plants under microscopes. He concluded that all plants are composed of cells.
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek made another microscope. He examined pond water, milk, and other substances. He was surprised to find living organisms in these substances.
The modern compound light microscope uses a series of glass lenses to magnify, or enlarge, an object
Robert Hooke made a simple microscope. He used it to look at a piece of cork, which is the dead cells of oak bark. Hooke saw small, box-shaped structures in the cork, which he called cellulae
The electron microscope was invented in the 1940s. It doesn’t use lenses. Instead, the transmission electron microscope (TEM) uses magnets to aim a beam of electrons at the image to be magnified.
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The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was a further improvement in technology. It produces a three-dimensional image of the cell.
A more recent invention, the scanning tunneling electron microscope (STM), can magnify living cells.
A more recent invention, the scanning tunneling electron microscope (STM), can magnify living cells.
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Organelles are specialized structures that carry out specific functions. The nucleus contains the genetic material for the cell.
section 2
The plasma membrane is the cell structure primarily responsible for homeostasis. It is the thin, flexible boundary between the cell and its watery environment.
Selective permeability of the plasma membrane allows some substances to pass through while keeping others out.
A phospholipid is made up of glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.
The plasma membrane is made up of two layers of phospholipids arranged tail-to-tail in what is called a phospholipid bilayer
The phospholipid bilayer allows the plasma membrane to survive and function in its watery environment
each phospholipid has a polar head and two nonpolar tails. The phosphate group in the phospholipid makes it polar.
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The nonpolar tails, made of the fatty acids, are repelled
by water.
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