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The cognitive perspectives - Coggle Diagram
The cognitive perspectives
Favorite Theory
Cognitive maps and latent learning
Schemas
Multi store model memory
Stage theory of cognitive memory model development
:
it's an influential theory for understanding how children's mental abilities evolve
How human process information
Schemas
refer to cognitive development stages developed by Piget
Cognitive map
Proposed by
Eric C. Tolman
He also developed the idea of
latent learning
Rat maze experiment:
Purpose
: The persistence or eagerness of an animal to find and organize certain behaviors based on a specific goal.
Cognition
. The animal’s understanding of their environment and the relationship between the means and ends of things.
Outcome
: Tolman discovered that if a rat was put in a maze, after a trial and error process, it managed to find the exit.
Multi-store memory model
Developed by
Atkinson and Shiffrin
in
1968
Working memory
refers to the system to deal informations for cognitive tasks,
such as reasoning, learning, and decision-making
Important Figures
Frederick C. Barlett (1886-1969)
Jean Piaget (1896-1980)
Edward C. Tolman
Atkinson & Shiffrin (Multi Store Memory Model)
4 Stages of Cognitive Development
·
Concrete-operational
：
7-11 years
Children grasped reasoning and logic
·
Sensor motor stage
:
0~2 years
Babies build their understanding of the world through sensation
·
Pre-operational
:
2~7 years
Children start to develop language, abstract thoughts and understand symbols
Formal-operational
:12+ yearsAdolescents are able to understand abstract rules and concepts
Cognitive Bias
WYSIATS (what you see is all there is):
Heuristics: The process by which humans use mental shortcuts to arrive at decisions
