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Innate immune response - Coggle Diagram

- - - - On membranes of dendritic cells, macrophages, NK cells, T and B lymphocytes, epithelial and endothelial cells an fibroblasts
        
        Interaction with PAMPs
        
        TRIF pathway
        
        Triggered by dsRNA and LPS (lipopolysaccharides)
        
        dsRNA activates receptor and recruits adaptor TRIF
        
        TRIF activates kinases TBK1 and RIPK1
        
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        MyD88 pathway
        
        MyD88 attracts IRAK4
        
        activation of cascade
        
        Destroys NFkB inhibitor called IkB
        
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    - - recognizes carbohydrate structures that are found on the cell membrane of microorganisms (PAMPs)
        
        Activates downstream signaling pathways
        
        nuclear factor-κb pathway
        
        Upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokine
        
        mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway
        
        Type I interferon pathway
  - - - detect bacterial peptidoglycan and mount a pro inflammatory and antimicrobial immune response
    - - Recgonize viral DNA/nucleic acid within the host cell
        
        Innate the release of cytokines and Type I interferons
        
        activation of endothelial lining
        
        Production of P and E selection
        
        Leukocyte and glycoproteins
        
        Rolling adhesion (1)
        
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- - - - C3 convertase
        
        C3a, C5a
        
        Peptide mediators of inflammation phagocyte recruitment
        
        C3b
        
        Binds to complement receptors on phagocytes
        
        Opsonization of pathogens and removal of immune complexes
        
        Terminal complement components, C5b, C6, C7, C8, C9
        
        Membrane-attack complex (MAC), lysis of certain pathogens and cells
- - - - Complement system
- - - - IL-1beta synthesis
- - - - Play a major role in antibacterial and anti fungal protections. They have many granules that contain antimicrobial proteins and substances and can produce reactive oxygen molecules.
        
        Oxidative burst
    - - Have granules containing antimicrobial substances and mediators of inflammation.
  - - - M1
        
        Promote the inflammatory response and have to be activated by LPS, TNF-alfa, IFN-gamma, and GM-CSF.
        
        Nitrodative burst
        
        Phagocytosis
      - M2
        
        Remove debris and promote tissue repair and remodeling
    - - Provide the bridge between the innate and the immune response, because the cytokines they produce determine the nature of the T-cell response.