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LANGUAGE POLICY AND PLANNING, Reference Hall, C. J., Smith, P. H. &…
LANGUAGE POLICY AND PLANNING
LANGUAGE DECISIONS
PROCESSING
Language processing research investigates how the linguistic knowledge that is stored in the mind/ brain is used in real time (as the cognitive events unfold) to produce and understand utterances.
Language decision-makers
First level
oneself
Second level:
-teachers
textbooks writters
-materia developers
language therapists
-lexicographers
-tranlators
Third lever:
People who work of applied linguistics
Language policy, planning and
practices
:silhouette:
In the Deaf community there is a lack of alignement between policy and practice
In Los Angeles, an effort to ban billingual education led the Catholic diocese to consider ending Spanish services, but they did not work as church workers, often immigrants kept using Spanish
Language planning orientations
:pen:
Language orientations refers to the idea that language planning efforts of all types can be characterized as approaching language from one or more of three primary stances: language as problem, language as right and language as resource.
Language as a right:
f.ex Welsh
Language as a problem:
minority languages
Language as a resource:
f.ex Hebrew in Israel
Language of wider communication
refers to a language or variety that is used across communities and regions. The term is completely relative and context- dependent, ot course; Kiswahili is an LWC in much of East Africa, but not in Asia or Europe. Similar to lingua franca
Language policies in public and private spaces
:silhouettes: :silhouette:
private
someone being admonished for not speaking in common language
public
The government declared English as the language for communication, and services, with no other language options available
Keeping a language alive
Language maintenance
involves preserving the vitality of a language within a specific community or region. It can also refer to bilingual education programs aiming to help learners retain or enhance their home language while acquiring another.
Language vitality
is a concept in language planning used to assess a language variety's long-term health, focusing on its intergenerational transmission.
Language revitalization
aims to combat language loss and boost vitality in a community. Applied linguists often face challenging circumstances since language loss is typically driven by external forces.
CORPUS, STATUS AND ACQUISITION
PLANNING
refers to language planning that attempts to modify in some way the code of a given variety. Not to be confused with corpus as a digital collection of authentic language.
CORPUS PLANNING
attempt to modify the code itself
STATUS PLANNING
the efforts to incrase or decrase the prestige of a particular language variety
Covert prestige
refers to language pride going underground due to social pressures. For instance, when institutions discourage a specific language or dialect, people may use it to show group solidarity and defiance, leading to its wider adoption.
AQUISITION PLANNING
efforts to promote the acquisition of additional languages, f.ex: billingual education program
PLANNING FOR ACCESS TO SERVICES
Language planning and poverty
Language planning and immigration
LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE
Linguistic landscapes visually depict language use in a community by mapping signs and publicly displayed texts. Applied linguists use this to assess language vitality in a specific location and time.
Reference
Hall, C. J., Smith, P. H. & Wicasono, R. (2017).
Mapping applied linguistics
. Routledge.
