How can we find life on another planet?
Scientific method
characteristics of life
chemistry of life
One characteristic of life is it is made up of cells. All living things are made up of cells that is considered the smallest unit of organism that is considered life.
Bonds
Ionic bonds is the second strongest and involve one electron from an atoms to be stolen from another atoms. The atoms that steals the atom is now negative while the one that got stolen from is now positive.
convection bonds are the strongest and connect 2 elements example: water and hydrogen
reproduction:All living things have the ability to reproduce sexually or asexually. The cells produce the first cells of another organism
Have DNA: DNA determines what genetics you have and what kind of traits you have. Every organism has DNA and it determines the inherited traits of every organism on Earth.
Growth and development: Every organism has the ability to grow or be able to develop in some sort of way.
Need for material and energy: Organisms need energy to grow and develop and do simple movements so if an organism does not need energy or material it is not considered a organism.
Respond to Environment: All organisms detect and respond to stimuli from their environment. A stimulus is a signal to which an organism responds.
Maintaining internal balance: All organisms perform hoamositosis which help the organism tell if it's thirsty or hungry to keep alive. The thing telling the organism what it needs. Example:You sweat a lot so your are thirsty.
Evolution: All organisms change over time every generation. It may take hundred, thousands, or even millions of years to see a dramatic change.
hydrogen bonds are the smallest bond and have very little power too hold them together. They connect between 2 other atoms that have already been bonded and connects a positive between a negative.
Water Molecule
Is considered the universal solvent because it can : dissolve many different things Example:Salt
Is considered polar which means it has an end that is considered slightly positive and another that is considered slightly positive
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atoms: Made up of nuetrons, protons, and electrons
Neutrons carry no charge and are located at the center of atoms.
Protons have a positive charge and are also located at the center of an atoms
An electron is located orbiting the atom and carry a negative charge,
Called H2O because it has 2 hydrogens which are positive and an oxygen which is negative
Variable: The factor that is being changed
Scientific Question: A question that make something scientific and gets to the point Example:Does the secret ingrediant help improve bad breath
Independent variable: The variable that is changing the dependent variable Example: The type of song affects how much jellyfish appear
Control variable: Variable that does not change and stays the same in an experiment
Dependent variable: The variable that is being changed or affects in the experiment.
Steps to follow to solve a problem or answer a question
1-Identify the problem
2-Make observations
3-Make a prediction(hypothosis)
4- design the experiment
5-Collect and organize data
6-make conclusion
An observation is information obtained through the senses or through equipment. For Example: observing a plant bending towards the light
Determine what you wish to pursue and ask yourself: What can be tested? How can we test it? A brainstorm session may be necessary to get to what you can test. You may need to alter your question in order to come up with an experiment.
Quantitative - deal with a number Qualitative - deal with descriptions that cannot be expressed with numbers.
Hypothesis is an educated guess • In an experiment, p re dict what you think will happen – this is your hypothesis • Your prediction can be based on your observations and prior knowledge. • Consider how to test your hypothesis - you may need to alter it if you cannot come up with a practical experiment
Come up with a protocol, or the steps you plan to follow • In this class, you will fill out a lab process sheet • Keep in mind the variables you wish to test • Identify your independent and dependent variables, and what your control is
While there is not set number of trials, usually a n experiment should have several trials. • You may need to repeat it to get good data. • You may also need to set up a lot of the same thing - i.e. using Ten seeds instead of just two in o rde r to get meaningful data
Can Also use C.E.R In this format: you will form a claim based on what you discovered in your experiment. • You will explain your evidence for this claim using yo ur data. Usually, you will take a few data points or pieces of information to support your claim. • You will then supply a reason for your results.
Scientific theory: Comes about after extensive research, discussion and consensus • It explains some aspect of the natural world • It is fact supported and is a reliable account