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Get to Know Printed Circuit Boards, (((:))) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Origin of Printed Circuit Boards
        
        Early Experiments and Concepts: In the early 20th century, electronics technology was just starting to come to prominence. Early electronic devices usually used manual wiring, which was not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also error-prone. People began to realize the need for a more efficient way to connect and support electronic components.
        
        1930s-1940s: During the 1930s and 1940s, the electronics industry gradually adopted a method called "point-to-point wiring," a method of connecting electronic components with wires on an insulating substrate. This method simplifies the manufacturing of electronic devices, but there is still a lot of manual work.
        
        1950s-1960s: With the rapid development of electronic technology, people began to look for a more efficient and reliable way to connect circuits. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, engineers began researching and developing modern PCB technology for electronic devices.
        
        1960s: In the 1960s, the modern concept of PCBs gradually took shape. Engineers began using conductive copper foil layers and insulating substrate layers to create circuit connections. This new technology is not only more reliable, but also easier to automate.
    - - PCB vs IC
        
        Function:
        PCB: A PCB is an infrastructure used to support and connect electronic components. It is a board with conductive paths that support and connect electronic components so that they can work together. The PCB itself has no active electronic functions, it only provides physical support and connections for a circuit.
        Integrated circuit (IC): An integrated circuit is an active electronic component that contains many electronic devices (such as transistors, capacitors, resistors, etc.) and the circuits connecting them to perform specific functions, such as amplification, logic operations, and data storage wait.
        
        Exterior:
        PCB: A PCB is usually a flat, rigid board, usually made of an insulating material (usually fiberglass-reinforced epoxy) with a layer of copper foil that contains the conductive paths for the circuit. Components on a PCB (such as resistors, capacitors, connectors, etc.) are usually visible.
        Integrated Circuit (IC): An IC is usually a small, sturdy chip, often packaged in black plastic or ceramic. There are tiny electronic components and complex circuits inside ICs, but these components are often invisible.
        
        use:
        PCB: PCB is mainly used to support and connect electronic components and build the physical infrastructure of electronic devices. They are used to create circuit boards such as computer motherboards, mobile phone circuit boards, television circuit boards, etc.
        Integrated Circuit (IC): ICs are used to perform specific electronic functions. They can be various types such as microprocessors, memory chips, sensors, amplifiers, etc.
- - - - JLCPCB is one of the largest PCB manufacturers in China, with modern production facilities and technical teams. They provide high-quality PCB manufacturing and assembly services.
    - - Advanced Circuits is a leading PCB manufacturer in the United States with years of experience and expertise. They offer a variety of PCB types, including High Density Interconnect (HDI) PCBs.
    - - Eurocircuits is Europe's leading PCB manufacturer, offering a wide range of PCB types, including rapid prototyping PCBs. They focus on sustainability and the environment.
    - - Sunstone Circuits is a US-based PCB manufacturer known for its high-quality service and fast delivery.
    - - RUSH PCB is a manufacturer of rapid PCB fabrication and assembly services for emergency projects.
    - - Multek is one of the world's leading electronic solutions suppliers, providing high-performance PCBs, especially for automotive electronics and medical devices.
    - - TTM Technologies is a global PCB manufacturer providing complex and high-performance PCB solutions.
    - - Sanmina is an integrated electronic manufacturing services (EMS) company providing PCB manufacturing and assembly services.
    - - Sierra Circuits is a company specializing in prototype PCB manufacturing, providing fast delivery and high quality PCBs.
- - - - Design: The process of manufacturing a PCB begins with circuit design. Design engineers use computer-aided design software to create circuit diagrams. This process includes determining the required components, connections, and layout. Designers must consider circuit performance, size, heat dissipation, and other factors.
      - Layer Design: Before PCB manufacturing, it is very important to determine the layout and connections of each layer. Typically, PCBs have multiple layers, including outer and inner layers. Designers must specify the function of each layer, such as signal transmission, power, or ground planes, and ensure they are connected correctly.
      - Manufacturing: Once the design is completed, the manufacturing process begins. First, the outer layer of the PCB is made, usually using fiberglass-reinforced composite material, covered with copper foil. This composite board is cut to the required size and then undergoes a series of chemical and mechanical treatments, including etching, drilling and cold soldering, to create the traces and connection holes in the circuit diagram.
      - Testing: After the PCB is manufactured, it must undergo rigorous testing to ensure its functionality and performance. This includes electrical testing to verify connectivity and component correctness, as well as functional testing to ensure the circuit is working as expected. Any bad or faulty PCBs will be identified and repaired or eliminated.
      - Component Installation: Once the PCB board is prepared, the electronic components are soldered to the board. This can be done through surface mount technology (SMT) or plug-in mount technology (PTH). SMT is the most common method, in which the component's pins are adhered to the PCB via solder paste, which is then melted at high temperatures to secure the component. The PTH method requires connections through holes.