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Personal rule and it's failure, 1629-40 - Coggle Diagram
Personal rule and it's failure, 1629-40
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Finance
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Key source of income for Charles-SHIP MONEY-levied only on coastal counties for defence purposes-but 1635 extended as a national tax until 1640
At a time when a parliamentary subsidy was £70,000, ship money gave an average of £200,000 annually-less likely to call parliament
Caused opposition- Hampden Case-1637-John Hampden-memeber of Buckinghamshire gentry challenged legality of ship money-refused to pay. HIs trial tested it's legality-upheld by 7 out 12 judges-
Consequence-public opinion was alarmed by the verdict,confirmed that the king could raise taxation without parliamentary approval
Religion
Charles continued to promote Arminianism, by appointing William Laud as Archbishop of Cantebury in 1633-Now known as Laudianism
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opposition
Initially, there was little opposition, it was usually minority groups such as radical puritans-liited opposition suggests there was passivness about it
Foreign Policy
Scotland-1637-decided to impose Laudian Prayer book on Presbytarian Scotland, without consulting the Scottish parliament
Widespread rioting broke out-in 1638 man nobles sgned the national covenant, swearing to resist all changes to the Kirk
Military conflicts that followed-The Bishop's war, incocnclusive-scots were organised and motivaed, whereas Charles had insufficent funds to pay for his military campaign
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