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Culture - Coggle Diagram
Culture
Components of Culture
Norms
ideas or rules about how people should behave in particular situations or toward certain other people—what is considered “normal” and appropriate behavior
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many are assumed, not written down
we can learn them either consciously and unconsciously and incorporate them into our patterns of daily living
some norms are formalized in writing and made publicly available (country’s laws, systems of medical and business ethics, and the code of academic integrity at your college or university)
vary for segments of the population, imposing different expectations on men and women (ex. children and adults)
may be widely accepted, but also may be debated, challenged, and changed (particularly when norms enforced by a dominant group disadvantage or oppress a minority within the population)
Most people, though not all, accept and follow a culture’s norm
Values
fundamental beliefs about what is important, what makes a good life, and what is true, right, and beautiful
reflect shared ultimate standards that should guide people’s behavior as well as goals that people feel are important for themselves, their families, and their community
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When enshrined in law, can become powerful political and economic tools
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Symbols
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are not universal, but within their particular cultural context they convey certain meanings
Much symbolic communication is nonverbal, action-based, and unconscious
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Mental Maps of Reality
Cultural classifications of what kinds of people and things exist, and the assignment of meaning to those classifications.
are shaped through enculturation, but they are not fixed, can be challenged and redrawn
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globalization continues to put pressure on mental maps of reality as people on the planet are drawn into closer contact with the world’s diversity
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our brains create shortcuts—maps—to navigate our experiences and organize all the data that come our way
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