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Literature Revew-Template_1 - Coggle Diagram
Literature Revew-Template_1
Determinants of LPG Consumption
Distribution Prices: Higher prices lead to lower LPG consumption.
Seasonal Factors: Refill rates are lower during summer when agricultural activity is reduced, and easily available fuelwood is used. Refill rates are higher during harvest and sowing seasons as beneficiaries prioritize time efficiency for agricultural activities and quick meal preparation. Rainy seasons also see higher refill rates due to the unsuitability of wet solid fuel.
Taste Preference and Utensils used for cooking
Village-Level Penetration and Years of LPG Use: Positively influence sustained usage of LPG.
Access to Biomass and Irregular Income Sources: Easy access to freely available biomass and reliance on uncertain income sources hinder LPG use.
Dependence on Agriculture and Labor: Households relying on agriculture and labor as their primary income source have lower odds of increased LPG use.
Community Influence: The popularity of LPG as a primary fuel in the village positively influences household-level LPG use, emphasizing the importance of community norms and peer effects.
Distance to Procure LPG: Longer distance leads to lower LPG consumption.
Family Size and Livestock: More family members and livestock negatively impact LPG usage.
Education and Awareness: Higher education level and awareness increase interest in shifting to LPG.
Caste: Lower caste individuals have lower odds of LPG usage due to social marginalization and geographical isolation.
Women's Involvement in Decision Making: Higher involvement of women in decisions regarding cooking fuel increases the chances of LPG usage.
Land Ownership: Less land ownership is associated with lower LPG usage.
Wealth and Income: Measures of wealth and income are positively associated with ownership and use of clean cooking fuel.
Years of LPG Usage: More years of LPG usage increase sustained usage.
Positive Health Perception: A positive perception of LPG's impact on health increases its adoption and sustained usage among both PMUY and non-PMUY users.
Determinants of Willingness to Pay for LPG Refill
Awareness
Social norms
Availability of substitutes
Affordability
Education level
Demographic characteristics
Factors Affecting Fuel Prices
Transportation costs impact fuel prices.
Availability of resources affects fuel prices.
National policies influence fuel prices.
If economic incentives are not there to adopt clear cooking fuel then a clear pattern is observed in which traditional easily available cooking options are used.
Market demand plays a role in determining fuel prices.
Energy Ladder & Stephenson et al.'s energy cultures framework
Energy Ladder
The energy ladder concept assumes that individuals have a preference for modern fuels over traditional ones due to their cleanliness, safety, ease of use, and compatibility with efficient conversion technologies.
However, the choice of fuels is limited by economic constraints. As individuals and households experience economic progress, they are expected to progressively transition from traditional biomass fuels to higher-level energy sources.
Stephenson et al.'s energy cultures framework
Utilizes systems thinking, structuration, and practice theory to analyze influences on energy behavior.
Incorporates norms, material culture, practices, and external drivers.
Defining Norms, Material Culture and External Drivers
Norms
Encompass expectations, entrenched practices, and understanding of fuel characteristics.
Includes alternative fuel usage when the primary option is unavailable.
Encompasses expected service levels from household energy technologies and perceptions of modern, safe, and reliable fuels.
Material Culture
Encompasses technologies, structures, and assets influencing energy use.
People's choices regarding acquiring, maintaining, or disregarding these artifacts are driven by functional and symbolic qualities.
Practices
Encompass both habitual activities and active choices related to energy.
Includes decisions about cooking technology and fuel selection.
These choices are often influenced by similar actions taken by peers.
Strong correlation with material culture and energy practices.
Application of the Framework
Serves as both a model of behavior and a theory of change.
Provides a structured approach to understanding behavior and identifying potential avenues for behavior change.
Considers the interplay between norms, practices, material culture, and external drivers.