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Congestive Heart Failure - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Increase HR, Myocardial Contractility & Vascular Resistance
    - - Increase TPR (Afterload) & Salt & H2O Retention (Preload)
    - - Balance RAAS through Diuresis & Vascular SM Relaxation
- - - - Dyspnea, Orthopnea, Coughing w/ Pink Frothy Sputum, Bibasal Crepitations
  - - - Cardiomegaly
      - Hypertrophied LV +/- Ventricular Dilation
- - - - Drug - Digoxin
      - MOA
        
        Irreversible Inhibition Na+/K+ ATPase --> Increase Intracellular Na+ --> Reduce Transmembrane Potential --> Increase Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger --> Increase Intracellular Ca2+ --> Increase Contraction
      - Effects
        
        Cardiac - Positive Inotropic, Bathmotropic
        
        Others - Inhibit SAS, RAS & Enhance Parasympathetic Activity
        
        Appear ~4-5 Days
      - PK
        
        ROA - Oral (Well-Absorbed)
        
        Large Vd
        
        Excreted by Kidney
        
        Long T1/2
        
        Narrow TI
      - Toxicity
        
        Symptoms
        
        GIT - N&V
        
        CVS - Arrythmia
        
        Vision - Yellow Hallows, Blurred Vision
        
        CNS - Headache, Fatigue, Confusion
        
        Predisposing Factors
        
        Electrolyte Disturbances - Hypokalaemia, Hypomagnesemia, Hypercalcemia
        
        Disease - Hypothyroidism, RF, Hypoxia
        
        DDI = Quinidine, Verapamil, Amiodarone
        
        Antidote - Digibind
    - - Drug - Dobutamine, Dopamine, Adrenaline
      - MOA - Stimulate B1-Receptors in Heart
    - - Drug - Levosimendan
    - - Drug - Milrinone
  - - - ACEi
      - ARB