India-Africa Relations
Central Idea
India views this as an achievement for Global South interests.
AU's entry into G-20 mirrors the EU's representation.
About African
Union (AU)
AU's entry signifies a diplomatic shift.
China and Russia supported AU's membership.
Comprises 55 African member states.
Aims: Unity, cooperation, development, and peace.
Established in 2002, succeeding the OAU.
History of ties
with India
Colonial Period: Impact of colonialism, anti-apartheid struggle.
Medieval Era: Indian presence in East Africa, internal development.
Post-Colonial Period: Afro-Asian solidarity, policy evolution.
Ancient Period: Ancient trade links, maritime networks, valuable goods.
Present Status
of Ties
Economic: Bilateral trade grew, India became Africa’s third-largest trade partner.
Humanitarian: Concessional LoCs supported 182 projects, amounting to US$10.5 billion.
Diplomatic: Opening of embassies in 18 African countries.
Cultural: ITEC program, Indian diaspora contributes to cultural exchange.
Political: India-Africa Forum Summit, South-South Cooperation.
Significance
of Africa
Economic Significance: Diversification of energy sources, rich resources.
Geopolitical Considerations: Support for UNSC seat, projection of soft & hard power.
Geostrategic Importance: Proximity, security, emerging threats.
Challenges
Competition from other powers: China, Brazil, and Russia engaged in various sectors.
Lack of synchronization: Development instruments operate independently.
Declining trade and investment: Trade deficit was USD 21.8 billion in FY19.
Racial attacks: Incidents affected people-to-people connections.
Extensive Chinese investments
Steps Taken
So Far
Pan African e-Network: Tele-education, telemedicine.
Duty-free tariff preferential scheme: Benefits African nations.
Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC): Inclusive development cooperation.
India-Africa Defence Ministers conclave: Enhanced defence cooperation.
ITEC program: Technical assistance, 50% slots reserved for Africa.
Way Forward
Ensure timely project completion.
Continue support in peacekeeping and counter-terrorism.
Collaborate with civil society organizations and diaspora.
Adhere to Kampala Principles
Develop a focused Africa strategy for the next decade.