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Ancient Civilization Screenshot 2023-09-21 9.09.11 AM - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Civilization
Mesopotamia
Location: In the text it said that Mesopotamia once extended into parts of present-day Turkey, Syria, and Southwestern Iran. On page 6 it said that " most of ancient Mesopotamia lay within the borders of modern Iraq". (Steele 6)
Writing: In the text is says that the "Sumerians devised the world first script and writing system." It also states in the text that in the beginning they used pictures to symbolize what they were writing and then moved to words and written language called Cuneiform.
(Steele 12)
Art: In the text it states that they were molding art and pots by the eighth millennium. It also states that they invented the pottery wheel before 3500 BCE.
(Steele 28)
Government: In the text it states that the government was ruled by an empire. In the text it also says that it was the first empire.
(steele)
Religion: In the text it states that the Sumerians worshipped many gods and goddesses. In the text it also states that they believed the crescent moon was a boat of the moon god.
(Steele) 14
Architecture: In the text it states that the Ziggurats resemble mountains stretching from the earth to the heavens. It also states that a ziggurat is a massive terrace platform made of mud, straw, and brick.
(Steele 24)
Ancient Egypt
Location: In the text it says that ancient Egypt was located in Northern africa near the nile. It also states that it was hot and dry and desert-like
( Hart 8)
Government: In the text it says that the king was not the most important person in Egypt and that the Pharaoh was above him in the hierarchy. In the text it also says the Pharaoh ruled until they died.
( Hart 10)
Writing: In the text it says that Hieroglyphics were used on state monuments, temples, tombs and religious papyri. It also says that " Scribes had to be experts in writing hieroglyphs an elaborate form of picture-writing with about 700 different signs.".
(Hart 34)
Art: In the text it states that Mines between the Nile river and the Red sea were very rich with gold. This meant that they used gold a lot in there art and jewelry. In the text it also states that Egypt traded with other countries and imported special stones to make jewelry with. This meant that they used stones a lot in there jewelry too.
(Hart 56)
Religion: In the text it says that ancient Egyptians were Polytheistic, this means that they believed in multiple Gods and Goddesses. It also says that each of the 42 different districts had their own God and then there were many more on top of that.
(Hart 24)
Architecture: In the text it says that the greatest architecture in ancient Egypt. These were great big buildings that got smaller as you went up. In the text it says that the pyramids were made to works as stairways to the Gods for the kings to climb.
(Hart 20)
Ancient China
Location: On page 10 it states that the shangs ruled the larger part of the northern half of china. It says that their heartland was located along the yellow river. The peasant farmers cultivated the land. It says that it was very fertile along the yellow river.
(Cotterrell 10)
Writing: On page 11 it said the Shang kings used Oracle bones to talk with their ancestors. The oracle bones were burnt until they cracked. The questions were written on tortoise shells or ox bones. (Cotterrell 11)
Art: On page 56 it says that Bronze, Jade, silk, and lacquer, and porcelain were all prized in asia and were used to create art. It says that after Scholars and the peasant farmers, Artisans were the most important members of the nation. It says that they helped to produce weapons along with luxury items. In ancient china bronze was turned into vases. (Cotterrell 56)
Trade/Commerce: On page 58 it says that the silk road was a huge trade route throughout the Mongol and Yuan dynasty.It also says that international trade thrived because of the use of caravans. This made it safer for people to travel along the route. The merchants usually didn't get much recognition during chinese rule , but under mongol rule the merchants societal role improved greatly.
(Cotterrell 58)
Architecture/technology: On page 22 it says that some of the worlds greatest inventions came from China. The magnetic compass was a chinese invention that allowed people traveling to find the right direction. They also helped people when building a home to make sure that they were in harmony with nature. Paper money was another thing that was created in this time framed this allowed people to pay for trade. (Cotterrell 22)
Government: In the text it says that the first recorded Dynasty to rule over China was the Shang. The Shang ruled over much of northern china. The Shang ruler was known as a priest king or known as the son of heaven. The king was the only one with the authority to ask for blessings.
(Cotterrell 10)
Religion:In china the religion was split into three different ways confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism. China was usually tolerant of all beliefs and it said few people were persecuted for their beliefs. There were some minor wars about religion. The main religion in china was confucianism.
(Cotterrell 26)
Ancient India
Religion: The religion in Ancient India is mostly Brahmanism and Hinduism. They have a sacred text called the Vedas. Both religions have many things in common.
(World Studies)
Location: It developed along the Indus river. They developed here because of fertile land. Today the Indus River valley covers Pakistan and parts of India and Afghanistan.
(World Studies)
Writing: In ancient India the writing that they have discovered is almost impossible to decipher. They have found over 400 symbols in many different locations. They are commonly located on ceramic pots and different types of art. (World Stories)
Architecture and Technology: In Ancient India they valued hygiene a lot and the city showed this. They drank water from a well so that it was clean. The Indus cities had very advanced architecture including dockyards, warehouses, and protective walls.
(World Studies)
Government: Ancient Indian Government made an impact on the way the government is run today. People were split based on their wealth and their social class. In the caste system the place where they were born they had to stay in. There were four classes.
(World Studies
