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Turning effects of a force - Coggle Diagram
Turning effects of a force
Moment
Moment is the turning effect of a force or the ability of a force to make an object rotate
Moment = force x distance perpendicular to the pivot along the line of action of force
Centre of gravity
the centre of gravity refers to the point through which the objects whole weight appears to act from for any orientation of the object
Centre of gravity for irregularly shaped objects
A plumbline, cork, pin and retort stand is needed
Make 3 holes on the lamina, as far apart from each other and make sure that the holes are small to ensure that not too much of the lamina is removed
Then suspend the lamina by one of the holes on the pin, and hang the plumbline over the lamina
Ensure that the lamina and the plumbline can rotate freely about the point of suspension, and wait for the plumbline to become steady before drawing a line on the lamina over the plumbline
Repeat for the 2 other holes and the point of intersection of the 3 lines is the centre of gravity of the object
Principle of moment
The principle of moment states that if an object is in equilibrium, then the sum of clockwise and sum of anti-clockwise moments about the same pivot is equal.
Stability
Stability refers to the ability of an object to return to its original position after it has been tilted slightly
Effects of centre of gravity on stability
The higher the centre of gravity, the more unstable the object will be
Improving stability
Lower the centre of gravity of the object by adding more mass at the bottom
widen the area of the base, so that the vertical line of action of weight will lie within the base area for a larger range of angles (when the line of action of weight lies outside the base area, the objectwill topple)