Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Ancient civilization view-Bahr-Al-Jabal-South-Sudan-Juba - Coggle Diagram
Ancient civilization 
Mesopotamia
Location: In the text it said
that Mesopotamia once extended into parts of present day Turkey, Syria, and southwestern Iran. On page six it said that "Most of ancient Mesopotamia lay within the borders of modern Iraq." (Steele 6)
Writing: In the text it say that writing was used by later mesopotamians, babylonians, and Assyrians. On page 12 it also says "At first they used picture symbols to represent objects such as cattle, grain, or fish. (Steele 12)
Art: In the text it says that they molded clay into simple pots by the eighth millennium BCE. On page 28 it also says,"They invented the pottery wheel, which made pottery productions far more efficient." (Steele 28)
Government: In the text it says that the homeland of the assyrian people was around the tigris river. On page 40 it also says "Their cities began to grow wealthy from trading with Anatolia as early as 200 BCE." (Steele 40)
Religion: In the text it says that the Sumerians worship many gods and goddesses. On page 14 it also says "The Sumerians also believed in spirits, goats, and demons. (Steele 14)
Architecture: In the text it says that the last symbol of ancient mesopotamia is the ziggurats, a massive terraced platform made of brick. On page 26 it says " The word ziggurats is Assyrians and means "height" or "pinnacle". [Steele 24]
Ancient Egypt
Location: In the text it said "Desert covers more than 90 percent of egypt. Called the red land, the desert supported only small settlements in wadis and oases." Another piece of evidence is "The egyptians lived on the banks of the nile river or besides canals extending from it."
-
Writing: On page 34, the text states "Scribes had to be experts in writing hieroglyphs, and elaborate form of picture-writing with about 700 different signs." On the same page it also says "It was deliberately kept complicated so that not too many people could master it and the scribes kept their special position." (Hart 34)
Art: In the text it said "Egyptian jewelers had access to many semi-precious stones from the desert- orange, red, carnelian, green feldspar, and mauve amethyst." Another piece of evidence is "They also imported stones from mines. In the sinai peninsula came light blue turquoise and rich blue lapis lazuli to egypt."
-
Government: In the text it said "The pharaoh was supposed to perform the duties of the high priest in every temple in egypt, but his place was usually taken by the chief priest." The text also says "In great temples such as Karnak at Thebes, Sacred to Amun-Re, King of the Gods, the chief priest had great power and controlled the vast wealth in the temple treasuries and the and the great lands of the temple estates." (Hart 28)
Religion: On page 24, the text says "The ancient Egyptians worshiped hundreds of different gods and goddesses, and sometimes it was difficult to work out who was who." In the text it also said "Many of the gods were represented by animals."
(Hart 24)
Architecture: On page 20, the text says "The first pyramid was built as the burial place of king Djoser, by his gifted architect Imhotep."
In the text it also said "It rose in six stages and is called the Step Pyramid."
(Hart 20)
Ancient China
Location: In the text, on page 40 it says "The landscape of Imperial China was dotted with walled towns and cities." It also says "Towns and cities were traditionally built on a grid system." Markets were often placed along a main street.
(Cotterell 40)
Religion: On page 26 it says that "In imperial China, religious beliefs were divided into the "three ways" of Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism."
In the text it also says that Buddhism came to China from India. Nevertheless, Buddhism took a firm root in Chinese culture and became China's most popular belief.
(Cotterell 26)
Government: In the text, on page 16 it says "....Zheng took the title first Sovereign Qin Emperor, Qin Shi Huangdi." It also says The first emperor thought that he would become immortal. "He built an impressive tomb guarded by thousands of life-size terracotta warriors, probably in the belief that he would remain a powerful man in the afterlife."
(Cotterell 16)
Writing: On page 11 it said that Shang Kings used Oracle bones to communicate with spirits. Cracks that appeared on the oracle bones were read to discover different answers about their ancestors. The oracle bones were made out of tortoise shells and ox bones.
(Cotterell 11)
Commerce / Trade: In the text it says "Trade flourished under the Mongol, or Yuan dynasty." It also says "Chinese merchants amassed large fortunes by exporting luxury goods such as silk, spices, tea, porcelain, and lacquerware." International trade had thrived, because people could travel without danger.
(Cotterell 58)
Art: On page 32 it says "The soft inks and delicate brush strokes used in calligraphy were also applied to painting." Artists also brushed ink washes into special absorbent paper. The inner core of paint brushes was often waxed to make the brush tip springy.
(Cotterell 32)
Architecture / Technology: On page 58 it states "Chinese merchants amassed large fortunes by exporting luxury goods such as silk, spices, tea, porcelain, and lacquare." On page 58 it also said a series of trade routes ran from China across Asia. Lastly, the book also states Trade flourished under the Mongol dynasty. (Cotterell 11)
Indus River Valley
Writing: In the test it states that the writing cannot be deciphered. The text also says that "Many of the symbols are located on seals, ceramic pots, and other types of materials." In the second paragraph it says "Whatever the case, the lack of decipherable texts means that we can gain no real insight into many of the details of Indus society as well as little about its government and politics."
[World Studies]
Architecture / Technology:The Author stated in the text that "The people within the Indus Valley created well-planned cities." In paragraph 2 it states "The walls were probably constructed to protect them as much from floods as from outside attackers." Lastly, the test states "With the cities, people could obtain water from wells." [World studies]
Location: In the text it says "Around 5,000 years ago, a civilization developed along the Indus River alluvial plain (floodplain), in South Asia, due to the large amount of fertile land and proximity to a water source." It also says in the text that " Over time, a vast number of settlements were built on the banks of the Indus River and surrounding areas."
Lastly, the article says "The Indus River
Valley covers most of modern-day Pakistan."
[World studies]
Government: In the text it says "One Aryan influence on modern-day India was the development of the caste system." The text also says "People were divided based on wealth and occupation." Lastly, the text says "A caste is a social group in which people are born and they cannot change." [World Studies]
Religion: In the test it says "The Vedas are mostly religious texts, but they also described famous victories of the Aryans as they invaded India." In the text it also says "The religion of the ancient Aryans, known as Brahmanism, was polytheistic and heavily influenced the later development of Hinduism." Lastly, the text states that "Both religions have much in common and share many rituals." [World Studies]