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CR4 KCP1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Short Term
        
        Baroreceptor Reflex
        
        Stimulated in low/high bp to sns & psns
        
        can be stimulated if carotid pulse is massaged
        
        Bainbridge Reflex
      - Long Term
        
        RAAS
      - Autoregulation
        
        Myogenic
        
        Metabolic
        
        VDMs
  - - - Causes
        
        Endocrine
        
        Adrenal Gland
        
        Anatomy
        
        Adrenal Cortex
        
        Glomerulosa
        
        1 more item...
        
        Fasciculata
        
        1 more item...
        
        Recticularis
        
        1 more item...
        
        Adrenal Medulla
        
        NE, E
        
        1 more item...
        
        Pathology
        
        Cushing and Addison's Disease
        
        Pregnancy induced
        
        Preeclampsia & eclampsia
        
        Heart
        
        HHD
        
        Development
        
        Coarctation of heart
        
        Vascular
        
        Renal
        
        Atheroscelorosis
        
        Arterioloscelerosis
        
        Hyaline
        
        Plasma proteins
        
        Hyperplastic
        
        onion due to smooth muscles
        
        Anuerysm
        
        True aneurysm
        
        pseudoaneurysm
        
        Dissecting aorta
        
        NS
        
        ICP
        
        Pulmonary
        
        Obstructive sleep apnea
      - Classification
        
        Primary
        
        Secondary
        
        Grades
        
        Benign
        
        Malignant
    - - Classification
- - - - Polycythemia
      - Dehydration
    - - Vascular Tone
        
        Regulation
        
        Local
        
        Systemic
        
        ANS
  - - - SNS
      - PSNS
    - - Afterload
        
        Resistance needed to overcome by the ventricles for contraction to occur
        
        (+) SVR --> (+) Afterload
        
        (+) Aortic pressure --> (+) Afterload
        
        Heart must generate more pressure to overcome the aortic pressure to be able to open the aortic valves
        
        Valve Diseases
        
        Aortic Stenosis --> (+) afterload
        
        Mitral regurgitation --> (-) Afterload
        
        (+) Wall stress -> (+) Afterload
        
        Indirectly proportional to wall thickness, hence left ventricular hypertrophy leads to less wall stress --> (-) afterload
        
        Proportional to Pressure experienced by left ventricle myocardium.
      - Contractility
        
        Frank Starling's Law
        
        If another conduction pathway is created between atria and ventricules where it overtakes the SA node conduction it will result in decrease in SV because there is no AV delay which results in less diastolic filling time
      - Preload
        
        Venous Return
        
        (-) venous tone (vasodilation) --> (-) preload
        
        this is because vasodilation results in increase pooling of the blood hence less venous return. this decreases EDV and hence preload
        
        (+) venous tone (vasoconstriction) --> (+) preload
        
        Follows law of laplace
        
        (+) pressure due to filling of blood in left ventricle --> (+) wall stress at end of diastole --> (+) preload
        
        (+) wall thickness --> (-) preload because less volume of blood is allowed to enter
        
        End-diastolic ventricular volume is not 100% same as preload but it used most accurate use of measurement
        
        Atrial pressure
        
        Valves Resistance
        
        Stenosis in mitral valve vs stenosis in aortic
        
        ventricular compliance
        
        (+) heart rate --> (-) preload
      - Formula
        
        End diastolic volume - End systolic Volume
      - Pressure-Volume Loops
        
        Isovolumetric relaxation
        
        atrial pressure will decrease to allow venous blood flow to come in. there needs to be a pressure gradient between veins and atrium so the atrial pressure decreases.
        
        the blood doesn't go anymore its just increasing/decreasing in pressure hence the valves are both closed