Theories on Atomic Structure

Dalton's atomic theory

Ernest Rutherford

J.J Thompson's Theory

Bohr's Theory

John Dalton

Daltons-Atomic-Theory-1

Proponents - Niels Bohr and Ernest Ruthford

Model - images (1)

it does not account for subatomic particles daltons theory stated the atoms were invisible but subatomic particles such as protons electrons and neutrons disprove this postulate.

Strong Points -
Explained stability of an atom by quantizing angular momentum


Explained discretes spectra of Hydrogen


Explains we can calculate energy of nth orbit

Weak Points -
Fails to explain the effect of magnetic field on the spectra of atoms


Failed to explain the Stark effect


Failed to explain Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Proponents - William Thompson and Joseph Thompson

the atom is mostly empty space , with nearly all of its mass concentrated in a tiny centrral nucleus

the strong points are all matter is made up of atoms the second one is all atoms of a given elements are identical in mas and properties

click to edit

Strong Points - Strong Points - It successfully explained electron neutrality of an atom

Model - images (2)

Weak Points - Failed to explain the results of the alpha particle scattering experiment

Ancient Greek Beliefs

click to edit

the negatively charged electrons surround the nucleus of an atom.

Democritus

Most of the alpha particle passed straight through the foil without any deflection from their path.

A small fraction of them were deflected from their original path by small angles.

220px-Musée_du_Louvre_Darafsh_(201)

images

click to edit

Atom - Development, Theory, Structure | Britannica

The atomic philosophy of the early Greeks

Democritus believed that atoms were uniform, solid, hard, incompressible, and indestructible and that they moved in infinite numbers through empty space until stopped.